Cūḷapuṇṇamasutta

Majjhima Nikāya 110

Cūḷapuṇṇamasutta

The Shorter Discourse on the Full-Moon Night · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddhammasamannāgato hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddho hoti, hirimā hoti, ottappī hoti, bahussuto hoti, āraddhavīriyo hoti, upaṭṭhitassati hoti, paññavā hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso saddhammasamannāgato hoti.

And how does a true person have good qualities? It’s when a true person is faithful, conscientious, prudent, learned, energetic, mindful, and wise. That’s how a true person has good qualities.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisabhatti hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappurisassa ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhā hirimanto ottappino bahussutā āraddhavīriyā upaṭṭhitassatino paññavanto tyāssa mittā honti, te sahāyā.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisabhatti hoti.

And how is a true person devoted to true persons? It’s when a true person is a friend and companion of ascetics and brahmins who are faithful, conscientious, prudent, learned, energetic, mindful, and wise. That’s how a true person is devoted to true persons.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisacintī hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso nevattabyābādhāya ceteti, na parabyābādhāya ceteti, na ubhayabyābādhāya ceteti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisacintī hoti.

And how does a true person have the intentions of a true person? It’s when a true person doesn’t intend to hurt themselves, hurt others, and hurt both. That’s how a true person has the intentions of a true person.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisamantī hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso nevattabyābādhāya manteti, na parabyābādhāya manteti, na ubhayabyābādhāya manteti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisamantī hoti.

And how does a true person offer the counsel of a true person? It’s when a true person offers counsel that doesn’t hurt themselves, hurt others, and hurt both. That’s how a true person offers the counsel of a true person.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisavāco hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisavāco hoti.

And how does a true person have the speech of a true person? It’s when a true person refrains from speech that’s false, backbiting, harsh, or nonsensical. That’s how a true person has the speech of a true person.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisakammanto hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisakammanto hoti.

And how does a true person have the action of a true person? It’s when a true person refrains from killing living creatures, stealing, and sexual misconduct. That’s how a true person has the action of a true person.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadiṭṭhi hoti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso evaṁdiṭṭhi hoti:
‘atthi dinnaṁ, atthi yiṭṭhaṁ, atthi hutaṁ, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṁ kammānaṁ phalaṁ vipāko, atthi ayaṁ loko, atthi paro loko, atthi mātā, atthi pitā, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammāpaṭipannā ye imañca lokaṁ parañca lokaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadiṭṭhi hoti.

And how does a true person have the view of a true person? It’s when a true person has such a view: ‘There is meaning in giving, sacrifice, and offerings. There are fruits and results of good and bad deeds. There is an afterlife. There are such things as mother and father, and beings that are reborn spontaneously. And there are ascetics and brahmins who are rightly comported and rightly practiced, and who describe the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’ That’s how a true person has the view of a true person.

Kathañca, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadānaṁ deti?
Idha, bhikkhave, sappuriso sakkaccaṁ dānaṁ deti, sahatthā dānaṁ deti, cittīkatvā dānaṁ deti, anapaviṭṭhaṁ dānaṁ deti, āgamanadiṭṭhiko dānaṁ deti.
Evaṁ kho, bhikkhave, sappuriso sappurisadānaṁ deti.

And how does a true person give the gifts of a true person? It’s when a true person gives a gift carefully, with their own hand, and thoughtfully. They don’t give the dregs, and they give with consideration for consequences. That’s how a true person gives the gifts of a true person.

So, bhikkhave, sappuriso evaṁ saddhammasamannāgato, evaṁ sappurisabhatti, evaṁ sappurisacintī, evaṁ sappurisamantī, evaṁ sappurisavāco, evaṁ sappurisakammanto, evaṁ sappurisadiṭṭhi;
evaṁ sappurisadānaṁ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā yā sappurisānaṁ gati tattha upapajjati.
Kā ca, bhikkhave, sappurisānaṁ gati?
Devamahattatā vā manussamahattatā vā”ti.

That true person—who has such good qualities, is devoted to true persons, and has the intentions, counsel, speech, actions, views, and giving of a true person— when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in the place where true persons are reborn. And what is the place where true persons are reborn? A state of greatness among gods or humans.”

Idamavoca bhagavā.
Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
Cūḷapuṇṇamasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.
Devadahavaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.

That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, the monks approved what the Buddha said.

Tassuddānaṁ
Devadahaṁ pañcattayaṁ,
Kinti sāma sunakkhattaṁ;
Sappāya gaṇa gopaka—
Mahāpuṇṇa cūḷapuṇṇañcāti.

Its summary: Devadaha, the group of five, what then indeed Sunakkhatta; the suitable, the group, the guardian — the Great Full-Moon and the Lesser Full-Moon.

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