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Majjhima Nikāya 136

Mahākammavibhaṅgasutta

The Longer Analysis of Deeds · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thatTaṁ of whatkissa is the cause?hetu?
otherwiseAññathā indeedhi, Ānanda,ānanda, of the Realized Onetathāgatassa in the great analysis of deedsmahākammavibhaṅge knowledgeñāṇaṁ ishoti.

Because the Realized One’s knowledge of the great analysis of deeds is otherwise.

in that case, ĀnandaTatrānanda, that whichyvāyaṁ asceticsamaṇo orvā brahminbrāhmaṇo orvā says thusevamāha:
there is‘atthi it seemskira, sirbho, goodkalyāṇāni deedskammāni, there isatthi of good conductsucaritassa resultvipāko’ti this for themidamassa I grantanujānāmi;
and whichyampi heso says thusevamāha:
I‘amāhaṁ individualpuggalaṁ I saw — hereaddasaṁ—idha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirataṁ from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirataṁ ……pe… right viewsammādiṭṭhiṁ, of the bodykāyassa after breakupbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā I sawpassāmi in a good destinationsugatiṁ heavenlysaggaṁ worldlokaṁ rebornupapannan’ti this for themidampissa I grantanujānāmi;
but whichyañca indeedkho heso says thusevamāha:
whoever‘yo it seemskira, sirbho, from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ……pe… right viewsammādiṭṭhi, everysabbo oneso of the bodykāyassa after breakupbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā in a good destinationsugatiṁ heavenlysaggaṁ worldlokaṁ is rebornupapajjatī’ti this for themidamassa I do not grantnānujānāmi;
and whichyampi heso says thusevamāha:
those who‘ye thusevaṁ knowjānanti theyte rightlysammā knowjānanti; those whoye otherwiseaññathā knowjānanti, wronglymicchā theirtesaṁ knowledgeñāṇan’ti this for themidampissa I do not grantnānujānāmi;

In this case, when an ascetic or brahmin says this: ‘It seems that there is such a thing as good deeds, and the result of good conduct,’ I grant them that. And when they say: ‘I have seen an individual here who refrained from killing living creatures … and had right view. And I saw that they were reborn in a heavenly realm,’ I also grant them that. But when they say: ‘It seems that everyone who refrains from killing living creatures … and has right view is reborn in a heavenly realm,’ I don’t grant them that. …

whatever tooyampi heso whatever indeedyadeva for himtassa by himselfsāmaṁ knownñātaṁ by himselfsāmaṁ seendiṭṭhaṁ by himselfsāmaṁ understoodviditaṁ that indeedtadeva theretattha with firmnessthāmasā with graspingparāmāsā having settled uponabhinivissa he declares:voharati: this indeed‘idameva truth,saccaṁ, anything else is worthlessmoghamaññan’ti this too for himidampissa I do not approve.nānujānāmi.
thatTaṁ of whatkissa cause?hetu?
otherwiseAññathā indeed,hi, Ānanda,ānanda, of the Realized Onetathāgatassa in the great analysis of deedsmahākammavibhaṅge knowledgeñāṇaṁ is.hoti.

Because the Realized One’s knowledge of the great analysis of deeds is otherwise.

there, ĀnandaTatrānanda, this whichyvāyaṁ asceticsamaṇo orvā brahminbrāhmaṇo orvā says thusevamāha:
there is not‘natthi it seemskira, sirbho, goodkalyāṇāni deedskammāni, there is notnatthi of good conductsucaritassa resultvipāko’ti this for themidamassa I do not grantnānujānāmi;
and whatyañca indeedkho heso says thusevamāha:
I‘amāhaṁ an individualpuggalaṁ I saw—hereaddasaṁ—idha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirataṁ from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirataṁ ……pe… possessing right viewsammādiṭṭhiṁ, of the bodykāyassa from the breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ from deathmaraṇā I seepassāmi a place of lossapāyaṁ a bad destinationduggatiṁ a downfallvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ rebornupapannan’ti this for themidamassa I grantanujānāmi;
and whatyañca indeedkho heso says thusevamāha:
who‘yo it seemskira, sirbho, from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ……pe… possessing right viewsammādiṭṭhi, everysabbo heso of the bodykāyassa from the breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ from deathmaraṇā a place of lossapāyaṁ a bad destinationduggatiṁ a downfallvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ is rebornupapajjatī’ti this for themidamassa I do not grantnānujānāmi;
and whatyañca indeedkho heso says thusevamāha: those who‘ye thusevaṁ knowjānanti thosete rightlysammā knowjānanti;
those whoye otherwiseaññathā knowjānanti, wrongmicchā theirtesaṁ notionñāṇan’ti this also for themidampissa I do not grantnānujānāmi;

In this case, when an ascetic or brahmin says this: ‘It seems that there is no such thing as good deeds, and the result of good conduct,’ I don’t grant them that. But when they say: ‘I have seen an individual here who refrained from killing living creatures … and had right view. And after death, they were reborn in hell,’ I grant them that. But when they say: ‘It seems that everyone who refrains from killing living creatures … and has right view is reborn in hell,’ I don’t grant them that. But when they say: ‘Those whose notion is this have the right notion. Those whose notion is otherwise have a wrong notion,’ I also don’t grant them that.

and whichyampi theyso that sameyadeva of thattassa for themselvessāmaṁ knownñātaṁ for themselvessāmaṁ seendiṭṭhaṁ for themselvessāmaṁ understoodviditaṁ that sametadeva theretattha obstinatelythāmasā by graspingparāmāsā having obstinately stuck toabhinivissa they declarevoharati: this is the only‘idameva truthsaccaṁ, anything else is futilemoghamaññan’ti and thisidampissa I do not grantnānujānāmi.
thatTaṁ of whatkissa is the causehetu?
otherwiseAññathā becausehi, Ānandaānanda, of the Realized Onetathāgatassa in the great analysis of deedsmahākammavibhaṅge knowledgeñāṇaṁ ishoti.

And when they obstinately stick to what they have known, seen, and understood for themselves, insisting that: ‘This is the only truth, anything else is futile,’ I also don’t grant them that. Why is that? Because the Realized One’s knowledge of the great analysis of deeds is otherwise.

there, Ānanda,Tatrānanda, whichyvāyaṁ personpuggalo hereidha one who kills living creaturespāṇātipātī one who takes what is not givenadinnādāyī …pe……pe… of wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi, of the bodykāyassa by breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ to a bad placeduggatiṁ to ruinvinipātaṁ to hellnirayaṁ is rebornupapajjati,
previouslypubbe or for himvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ ishoti bad kammapāpakammaṁ to be experienced as painfuldukkhavedanīyaṁ, afterwardspacchā or for himvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ ishoti bad kammapāpakammaṁ to be experienced as painfuldukkhavedanīyaṁ, at the time of deathmaraṇakāle or for himvāssa ishoti wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi undertakensamattā acceptedsamādinnā.
because of thatTena heso of the bodykāyassa by breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ to a bad placeduggatiṁ to ruinvinipātaṁ to hellnirayaṁ is rebornupapajjati.
and whichYañca indeedkho heso hereidha one who kills living creaturespāṇātipātī ishoti one who takes what is not givenadinnādāyī ishoti …pe……pe… wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi ishoti of thattassa in this very lifediṭṭheva in the dhammadhamme resultvipākaṁ experiencespaṭisaṁvedeti having been rebornupapajja orvā in anotherapare orvā in a subsequent periodpariyāye.

Now, Ānanda, take the case of the individual here who killed living creatures … and had wrong view, and who, when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. That bad deed of theirs that is to be experienced as painful was either done previously, or later, or else at the time of death they undertook wrong view. And that’s why, when their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. But anyone here who kills living creatures … and has wrong view experiences the result of that in this very life, or in the next life, or in some subsequent period.

there, Ānanda,Tatrānanda, who thisyvāyaṁ individualpuggalo hereidha killing living creaturespāṇātipātī taking what is not givenadinnādāyī …pe……pe… of wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā a good destinationsugatiṁ heavenlysaggaṁ worldlokaṁ is rebornupapajjati,
previouslypubbe or for themvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ ishoti good deedkalyāṇakammaṁ to be experienced as pleasurablesukhavedanīyaṁ, laterpacchā or for themvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ ishoti good deedkalyāṇakammaṁ to be experienced as pleasurablesukhavedanīyaṁ, at the time of deathmaraṇakāle or for themvāssa there ishoti right viewsammādiṭṭhi undertakensamattā undertakensamādinnā.
by thatTena theyso of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā a good destinationsugatiṁ heavenlysaggaṁ worldlokaṁ is rebornupapajjati.
and whatYañca indeedkho theyso hereidha killing living creaturespāṇātipātī ishoti taking what is not givenadinnādāyī ishoti …pe……pe… of wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi ishoti of thattassa in this very lifediṭṭheva in the dhammadhamme resultvipākaṁ experiencespaṭisaṁvedeti having been rebornupapajja orvā in the nextapare orvā in some subsequent periodpariyāye.

Now, Ānanda, take the case of the individual here who killed living creatures … and had wrong view, and who is reborn in a heavenly realm. That good deed of theirs that is to be experienced as pleasurable was either done previously, or later, or else at the time of death they undertook right view. And that’s why, when their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. But anyone here who kills living creatures … and has wrong view experiences the result of that in this very life, or in the next life, or in some subsequent period.

there, ĀnandaTatrānanda, that individualyvāyaṁ individualpuggalo hereidha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ……pe… right viewsammādiṭṭhi, of the bodykāyassa breakupbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā good destinationsugatiṁ heavenly realmsaggaṁ worldlokaṁ is rebornupapajjati,
previouslypubbe or of theirsvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ washoti good deedkalyāṇakammaṁ to be experienced as pleasurablesukhavedanīyaṁ, laterpacchā or of theirsvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ washoti good deedkalyāṇakammaṁ to be experienced as pleasurablesukhavedanīyaṁ, at the time of deathmaraṇakāle or of theirsvāssa there ishoti right viewsammādiṭṭhi undertakensamattā adoptedsamādinnā.
by thatTena theyso of the bodykāyassa breakupbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā good destinationsugatiṁ heavenly realmsaggaṁ worldlokaṁ is rebornupapajjati.
and whatYañca indeedkho theyso hereidha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato ishoti from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ishoti ……pe… right viewsammādiṭṭhi hashoti, of theirstassa in this very lifediṭṭheva in the Dhammadhamme resultvipākaṁ experiencespaṭisaṁvedeti having been rebornupapajja orvā in a subsequentapare orvā periodpariyāye.

Now, Ānanda, take the case of the individual here who refrained from killing living creatures … and had right view, and who is reborn in a heavenly realm. That good deed of theirs that is to be experienced as pleasurable was either done previously, or later, or else at the time of death they undertook right view. And that’s why, when their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. But anyone here who refrains from killing living creatures … and has right view experiences the result of that in this very life, or in the next life, or in some subsequent period.

There, Ānanda,Tatrānanda, whoever thisyvāyaṁ individualpuggalo hereidha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ……pe… had right viewsammādiṭṭhi, of the bodykāyassa with the breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ a bad placeduggatiṁ the underworldvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ is rebornupapajjati,
previouslypubbe or for themvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ washoti bad deedpāpakammaṁ to be experienced as painfuldukkhavedanīyaṁ, laterpacchā or for themvāssa thattaṁ donekataṁ washoti bad deedpāpakammaṁ to be experienced as painfuldukkhavedanīyaṁ, at the time of deathmaraṇakāle or for themvāssa there washoti wrong viewmicchādiṭṭhi undertakensamattā adoptedsamādinnā.
thereforeTena that oneso of the bodykāyassa with the breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ a bad placeduggatiṁ the underworldvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ is rebornupapajjati.
But whichYañca indeedkho that oneso hereidha from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from taking what is not givenadinnādānā refrainedpaṭivirato ishoti ……pe… has right viewsammādiṭṭhi ishoti, of thattassa in this very lifediṭṭheva in the dhammadhamme resultvipākaṁ experiencespaṭisaṁvedeti on being rebornupapajja orvā in the nextapare orvā in some subsequent periodpariyāye.

Now, Ānanda, take the case of the individual here who refrained from killing living creatures … and had right view, and who is reborn in hell. That bad deed of theirs that is to be experienced as painful was either done previously, or later, or else at the time of death they undertook wrong view. And that’s why, when their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. But anyone here who refrains from killing living creatures … and has right view experiences the result of that in this very life, or in the next life, or in some subsequent period.

thusIti indeedkho, Ānandaānanda, there isatthi deedkammaṁ ineffectiveabhabbaṁ appearing ineffectiveabhabbābhāsaṁ, there isatthi deedkammaṁ ineffectiveabhabbaṁ appearing effectivebhabbābhāsaṁ, there isatthi deedkammaṁ effective andbhabbañceva and appearing effectivebhabbābhāsañca, there isatthi deedkammaṁ effectivebhabbaṁ appearing ineffective”,abhabbābhāsan”ti.
this saidIdamavoca the Blessed Onebhagavā.
satisfiedAttamano venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando of the Blessed Onebhagavato speechbhāsitaṁ approvedabhinandīti.
the Longer Analysis of Deeds DiscourseMahākammavibhaṅgasuttaṁ finishedniṭṭhitaṁ sixthchaṭṭhaṁ.

So, Ānanda, there are deeds that are ineffective and appear ineffective. There are deeds that are ineffective but appear effective. There are deeds that are effective and appear effective. And there are deeds that are effective but appear ineffective.” That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, Venerable Ānanda approved what the Buddha said.

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