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Majjhima Nikāya 142

Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasutta

The Analysis of Religious Donations · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thusEvaṁ by meme heard—sutaṁ—
oneekaṁ timesamayaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavā among the Sakyanssakkesu apart·dwellviharati in Kapilavatthukapilavatthusmiṁ in the Banyan Tree Monastery.nigrodhārāme.

So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Sakyans, near Kapilavatthu in the Banyan Tree Monastery.

thenAtha indeedkho Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī newnavaṁ cloth·pairdussayugaṁ toward·takeādāya whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā there she approachedtenupasaṅkami; near·approachupasaṅkamitvā the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ toward·bowabhivādetvā to one sideekamantaṁ she sat downnisīdi. to one sideEkamantaṁ down·sitnisinnā indeedkho Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ said thisetadavoca:
this“idaṁ for meme, sirbhante, newnavaṁ cloth·pairdussayugaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ for the sake ofuddissa by myselfsāmaṁ spunkantaṁ by myselfsāmaṁ wovenvāyitaṁ.
thatTaṁ from meme, sirbhante, the Blessed Onebhagavā may he acceptpaṭiggaṇhātu sympathyanukampaṁ out ofupādāyā”ti.
thusEvaṁ when saidvutte, the Blessed Onebhagavā Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpatiṁ Gotamīgotamiṁ said thisetadavoca:
to the Saṅgha“saṅghe, Gotamīgotami, givedehi.
to the SaṅghaSaṅghe by youte when givendinne both Iahañceva honoredpūjito I will bebhavissāmi the Saṅghasaṅgho andcā”ti.
a second timeDutiyampi indeedkho Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ said thisetadavoca:
this“idaṁ for meme, sirbhante, newnavaṁ cloth·pairdussayugaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ for the sake ofuddissa by myselfsāmaṁ spunkantaṁ by myselfsāmaṁ wovenvāyitaṁ.
thatTaṁ from meme, sirbhante, the Blessed Onebhagavā may he acceptpaṭiggaṇhātu sympathyanukampaṁ out ofupādāyā”ti.
a second timeDutiyampi indeedkho the Blessed Onebhagavā Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpatiṁ Gotamīgotamiṁ said thisetadavoca:
to the Saṅgha“saṅghe, Gotamīgotami, givedehi.
to the SaṅghaSaṅghe by youte when givendinne both Iahañceva honoredpūjito I will bebhavissāmi the Saṅghasaṅgho andcā”ti.

Then Mahāpajāpati Gotamī approached the Buddha bringing a new pair of garments. She bowed, sat down to one side, and said to the Buddha, “Sir, I have spun and woven this new pair of garments specially for the Buddha. May the Buddha please accept this from me out of sympathy.” When she said this, the Buddha said to her, “Give it to the Saṅgha, Gotamī. When you give to the Saṅgha, both the Saṅgha and I will be honored.” For a second time …

third·alsoTatiyampi indeedkho great·Pajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī to the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ this·saidetadavoca:
this“idaṁ by meme, sirbhante, newnavaṁ garment·pairdussayugaṁ to the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ up·pointinguddissa by myselfsāmaṁ spunkantaṁ by myselfsāmaṁ wovenvāyitaṁ.
thatTaṁ from meme, sirbhante, the Blessed Onebhagavā back·grasppaṭiggaṇhātu sympathyanukampaṁ out ofupādāyā”ti.
third·alsoTatiyampi indeedkho the Blessed Onebhagavā great·Pajāpatimahāpajāpatiṁ Gotamīgotamiṁ this·saidetadavoca:
to the Saṅgha“saṅghe, Gotamīgotami, givedehi.
to the SaṅghaSaṅghe by youte givendinne I·and·alsoahañceva honoredpūjito I will bebhavissāmi the Saṅghasaṅgho and alsocā”ti.

For a third time, Mahāpajāpati Gotamī said to the Buddha, “Sir, I have spun and woven this new pair of garments specially for the Buddha. May the Buddha please accept this from me out of sympathy.” And for a third time, the Buddha said to her, “Give it to the Saṅgha, Gotamī. When you give to the Saṅgha, both the Saṅgha and I will be honored.”

thusEvaṁ when saidvutte, venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando to the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ this·sayetadavoca:
let him accept“paṭiggaṇhātu, sirbhante, the Blessed Onebhagavā from Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpatiyā Gotamīgotamiyā newnavaṁ garment·pairdussayugaṁ.
very helpfulBahūpakārā, sirbhante, Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī to the Blessed Onebhagavato auntmātucchā raiserāpādikā nurturerposikā of milkkhīrassa giverdāyikā;
the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ of the birth motherjanettiyā when she passed awaykālaṅkatāya breast milkthaññaṁ drink·causativepāyesi.
also the Blessed OneBhagavāpi, sirbhante, much·helpbahūpakāro to Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpatiyā Gotamīgotamiyā.
the Blessed OneBhagavantaṁ, sirbhante, owing toāgamma Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī to the Buddhabuddhaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ has gonegatā, to the teachingdhammaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ has gonegatā, to the Saṅghasaṅghaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ has gonegatā.
the Blessed OneBhagavantaṁ, sirbhante, owing toāgamma Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā refrainspaṭiviratā from stealingadinnādānā refrainspaṭiviratā from sexual misconductkāmesumicchācārā refrainspaṭiviratā from lyingmusāvādā refrainspaṭiviratā from beer, wine, and liquor causing heedlessnesssurāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā refrainspaṭiviratā.
the Blessed OneBhagavantaṁ, sirbhante, owing toāgamma Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī in the Buddhabuddhe with experiential confidenceaveccappasādena endowedsamannāgatā, in the teachingdhamme with experiential confidenceaveccappasādena endowedsamannāgatā, in the Saṅghasaṅghe with experiential confidenceaveccappasādena endowedsamannāgatā with those loved by the noble onesariyakantehi with ethicssīlehi endowedsamannāgatā.
the Blessed OneBhagavantaṁ, sirbhante, owing toāgamma Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpati Gotamīgotamī regarding sufferingdukkhe free of doubtnikkaṅkhā, regarding the origin of sufferingdukkhasamudaye free of doubtnikkaṅkhā, regarding the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhe free of doubtnikkaṅkhā, of the one leading to the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhagāminiyā regarding the practicepaṭipadāya free of doubtnikkaṅkhā.
also the Blessed OneBhagavāpi, sirbhante, much·helpbahūpakāro to Mahāpajāpatimahāpajāpatiyā Gotamī”gotamiyā”ti.

When he said this, Venerable Ānanda said to the Buddha, “Sir, please accept the new pair of garments from Mahāpajāpati Gotamī. Sir, Mahāpajāpati was very helpful to the Buddha. As his aunt, she raised him, nurtured him, and gave him her milk. When the Buddha’s birth mother passed away, she nurtured him at her own breast. And the Buddha has been very helpful to Mahāpajāpati. It is owing to the Buddha that Mahāpajāpati has gone for refuge to the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha. It’s owing to the Buddha that she refrains from killing living creatures, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxicants of beer, wine, and liquor. It’s owing to the Buddha that she has experiential confidence in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and has the ethics loved by the noble ones. It’s owing to the Buddha that she is free of doubt regarding suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the practice that leads to its cessation. The Buddha has been very helpful to Mahāpajāpati.”

thus this“Evametaṁ, Ānandaānanda.
that whichYaṁ indeed, Ānandahānanda, a personpuggalo a personpuggalaṁ owing toāgamma the Buddhabuddhaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ gonegato ishoti, the dhammadhammaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ gonegato ishoti, the saṅghasaṅghaṁ as refugesaraṇaṁ gonegato ishoti, for this, Ānandaimassānanda, of a personpuggalassa by thisiminā by a personpuggalena notna easy to repaysuppatikāraṁ I declarevadāmi, that is to sayyadidaṁ—
by bowing down, rising up, greeting with cupped palms, observing proper etiquette, and providing robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sickabhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
that whichYaṁ indeed, Ānandahānanda, a personpuggalo a personpuggalaṁ owing toāgamma from killing living beingspāṇātipātā abstainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from taking what is not givenadinnādānā abstainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from sexual misconductkāmesumicchācārā abstainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from false speechmusāvādā abstainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from beer, wine, liquor, and intoxicationsurāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā abstainedpaṭivirato ishoti, for this, Ānandaimassānanda, of a personpuggalassa by thisiminā by a personpuggalena notna easy to repaysuppatikāraṁ I declarevadāmi, that is to sayyadidaṁ—
by bowing down, rising up, greeting with cupped palms, observing proper etiquette, and providing robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sickabhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.
that whichYaṁ indeed, Ānandahānanda, a personpuggalo a personpuggalaṁ owing toāgamma with the Buddhabuddhe with experiential confidenceaveccappasādena endowedsamannāgato ishoti, with the dhammadhamme …… with the saṅghasaṅghe …… with the ethics loved by the noble onesariyakantehi with virtuessīlehi endowedsamannāgato ishoti, for this, Ānandaimassānanda, of a personpuggalassa by thisiminā by a personpuggalena notna easy to repaysuppatikāraṁ I declarevadāmi, that is to sayyadidaṁ—
by bowing down, rising up, greeting with cupped palms, observing proper etiquette, and providing robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sickabhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.

“That’s so true, Ānanda. When someone has enabled you to go for refuge, it’s not easy to repay them by bowing down to them, rising up for them, greeting them with cupped palms, and observing proper etiquette for them; or by providing them with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick. When someone has enabled you to refrain from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, lying, and intoxicants of beer, wine, and liquor, it’s not easy to repay them … When someone has enabled you to have experiential confidence in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and the ethics loved by the noble ones, it’s not easy to repay them …

whichYaṁ indeed, Ānanda,hānanda, personpuggalo personpuggalaṁ towards·goāgamma regarding sufferingdukkhe free from doubtnikkaṅkho ishoti, regarding the origin of sufferingdukkhasamudaye free from doubtnikkaṅkho ishoti, regarding the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhe free from doubtnikkaṅkho ishoti, leading to the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhagāminiyā regarding the practicepaṭipadāya free from doubtnikkaṅkho ishoti, of this one, Ānanda,imassānanda, for the personpuggalassa by thisiminā by the personpuggalena notna well·repaidsuppatikāraṁ I sayvadāmi, that is,yadidaṁ—
by bowing down, rising up, greeting with cupped palms, observing proper etiquette, and giving robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sickabhivādanapaccuṭṭhānaañjalikammasāmīcikammacīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānuppadānena.

When someone has enabled you to be free of doubt regarding suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the practice that leads to its cessation, it’s not easy to repay them by bowing down to them, rising up for them, greeting them with cupped palms, and observing proper etiquette for them; or by providing them with robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick.

fourteenCuddasa indeedkho but now, Ānanda,panimānanda, to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
whatKatamā fourteen?cuddasa?
to the Realized OneTathāgate to the perfected onearahante to the fully awakened Buddhasammāsambuddhe a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ firstpaṭhamā to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to an independent BuddhaPaccekasambuddhe a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ seconddutiyā to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to a disciple of the Realized OneTathāgatasāvake to a perfected onearahante a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ thirdtatiyā to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to one practicing to realize the fruit of perfectionArahattaphalasacchikiriyāya practicingpaṭipanne a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ fourthcatutthī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to a non-returnerAnāgāmissa a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ fifthpañcamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to one practicing to realize the fruit of non-returnAnāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya practicingpaṭipanne a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ sixthchaṭṭhī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to a once-returnerSakadāgāmissa a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ seventhsattamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to one practicing to realize the fruit of once-returnSakadāgāmiphalasacchikiriyāya practicingpaṭipanne a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ eighthaṭṭhamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to a stream-entererSotāpanne a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ ninthnavamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to one practicing to realize the fruit of stream-entrySotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya practicingpaṭipanne a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ tenthdasamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to an outsiderBāhirake in sensual pleasureskāmesu free of desirevītarāge a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ eleventhekādasamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.
to an ordinary person of good ethical conductPuthujjanasīlavante a giftdānaṁ gives—deti—
thisayaṁ twelfthdvādasamī to an individualpāṭipuggalikā religious donation.dakkhiṇā.

Ānanda, there are these fourteen religious donations to individuals. What fourteen? One gives a gift to the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. This is the first religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to an independent Buddha. This is the second religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to a perfected one. This is the third religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to someone practicing to realize the fruit of perfection. This is the fourth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to a non-returner. This is the fifth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to someone practicing to realize the fruit of non-return. This is the sixth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to a once-returner. This is the seventh religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to someone practicing to realize the fruit of once-return. This is the eighth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to a stream-enterer. This is the ninth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to someone practicing to realize the fruit of stream-entry. This is the tenth religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to an outsider who is free of desire for sensual pleasures. This is the eleventh religious donation to an individual. One gives a gift to an ordinary person who has good ethical conduct. This is the twelfth religious donation to an individual.

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