The Shorter Discourse on the Mass of Suffering · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral
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one·here + IEkamidāhaṁ,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
timesamayaṁ
near Rājagaharājagahe
away·dwellviharāmi
on Vulture's Peakgijjhakūṭe
mountainpabbate.
at thatTena
indeedkho
nowpana
at that timesamayena
severalsambahulā
down·tienigaṇṭhā
on the slopes of Isigiliisigilipasse
black·rockkāḷasilāyaṁ
up·standingubbhaṭṭhakā
they arehonti
seat·rejectingāsanapaṭikkhittā,
due to exertionopakkamikā
painfuldukkhā
sharptibbā
severekharā
acutekaṭukā
feelingsvedanā
they feelvedayanti.
thenAtha
indeed·and·Ikhvāhaṁ,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ
from retreatpaṭisallānā
came outvuṭṭhito
whereyena
Isigili·sideisigilipasse
black·rockkāḷasilā
whereyena
thosete
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā
there·approachedtenupasaṅkamiṁ;
having gone upupasaṅkamitvā
thosete
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhe
this·saidetadavocaṁ:
why‘kiṁ
indeednu
youtumhe,
reverendsāvuso
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā,
constantly standingubbhaṭṭhakā
seat·rejectingāsanapaṭikkhittā,
due to exertionopakkamikā
painfuldukkhā
sharptibbā
severekharā
acutekaṭukā
feelingsvedanā
feel·quotation markervedayathā’ti?
thusEvaṁ
when saidvutte,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
thosete
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā
memaṁ
this + give·toetadavocuṁ:
Jain ascetic‘nigaṇṭho,
reverendāvuso,
of the Ñātika clannāṭaputto
all-knowingsabbaññū
all-seeingsabbadassāvī
without exceptionaparisesaṁ
knowledge and visionñāṇadassanaṁ
back·knowpaṭijānāti:
while walking“carato
andca
to meme
while standingtiṭṭhato
andca
while sleepingsuttassa
andca
while wakingjāgarassa
andca
constantlysatataṁ
continuallysamitaṁ
knowledge and visionñāṇadassanaṁ
presentpaccupaṭṭhitan”ti.
heSo
thus + sayevamāha:
there is“atthi
indeedkho
by youvo,
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā,
in the pastpubbe
bad deedspāpakammaṁ
donekataṁ,
thattaṁ
with thisimāya
severekaṭukāya
with grueling austeritydukkarakārikāya
out·wearnijjīretha;
whichyaṁ
but herepanettha
nowetarahi
in bodykāyena
together·restrainsaṁvutā
in speechvācāya
together·restrainsaṁvutā
in mindmanasā
together·restrainsaṁvutā
thattaṁ
in the futureāyatiṁ
of badpāpassa
deedkammassa
non-doingakaraṇaṁ;
thusiti
of oldpurāṇānaṁ
of deedskammānaṁ
by fervent mortificationtapasā
due to eliminationbyantibhāvā,
of newnavānaṁ
of deedskammānaṁ
due to non-doingakaraṇā,
in the futureāyatiṁ
no flowing onanavassavo;
in the futureāyatiṁ
from no flowing onanavassavā
deeds endkammakkhayo,
from ending of deedskammakkhayā
suffering endsdukkhakkhayo,
from ending of sufferingdukkhakkhayā
feeling endsvedanākkhayo,
from ending of feelingvedanākkhayā
allsabbaṁ
sufferingdukkhaṁ
worn awaynijjiṇṇaṁ
will bebhavissatī”ti.
that + and·andTañca
but + uspanamhākaṁ
is pleasingruccati
andceva
is acceptablekhamati
andca,
with thattena
we arecamha
satisfiedattamanā’ti.
thusEvaṁ
when saidvutte,
Iahaṁ,
Mahānāmamahānāma,
thosete
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhe
I said thisetadavocaṁ:
what?‘kiṁ
butpana
youtumhe,
reverendāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
do you knowjānātha—
past·existahuvamheva
wemayaṁ
in the pastpubbe
notna
we did not exist?nāhuvamhā’ti?
no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend.āvuso’.
what?‘Kiṁ
butpana
youtumhe,
reverendāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
do you knowjānātha—
we did doakaramheva
wemayaṁ
in the pastpubbe
bad·deedpāpakammaṁ
notna
we did not do?nākaramhā’ti?
no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend.āvuso’.
what?‘Kiṁ
butpana
youtumhe,
reverendāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
do you knowjānātha—
of such a kindevarūpaṁ
orvā
of such a kindevarūpaṁ
orvā
bad·deedpāpakammaṁ
we did?akaramhā’ti?
no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend.āvuso’.
what?‘Kiṁ
butpana
youtumhe,
reverendāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
do you knowjānātha—
so muchettakaṁ
orvā
sufferingdukkhaṁ
has been worn awaynijjiṇṇaṁ,
so muchettakaṁ
orvā
sufferingdukkhaṁ
remains to be worn awaynijjīretabbaṁ,
when so muchettakamhi
orvā
sufferingdukkhe
is worn awaynijjiṇṇe
allsabbaṁ
sufferingdukkhaṁ
has been worn awaynijjiṇṇaṁ
will be?bhavissatī’ti?
no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend.āvuso’.
what?‘Kiṁ
butpana
youtumhe,
reverendāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
do you knowjānātha—
in this very lifediṭṭheva
dhammadhamme
of unskillfulakusalānaṁ
qualitiesdhammānaṁ
the giving uppahānaṁ,
of skillfulkusalānaṁ
qualitiesdhammānaṁ
the embracing?upasampadan’ti?
no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend.āvuso’.
thus‘Iti
indeedkira
youtumhe,
friendāvuso
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā,
notna
you knowjānātha—
past·be·onlyahuvamheva
wemayaṁ
beforepubbe
notna
we were notnāhuvamhāti,
notna
you knowjānātha—
past·make·onlyakaramheva
wemayaṁ
beforepubbe
evil·kammapāpakammaṁ
notna
we did notnākaramhāti,
notna
you knowjānātha—
suchevarūpaṁ
orvā
suchevarūpaṁ
orvā
evil·kammapāpakammaṁ
we didakaramhāti,
notna
you knowjānātha—
this muchettakaṁ
orvā
sufferingdukkhaṁ
destroyednijjiṇṇaṁ,
this muchettakaṁ
orvā
sufferingdukkhaṁ
to be destroyednijjīretabbaṁ,
in this muchettakamhi
orvā
sufferingdukkhe
out·gonenijjiṇṇe
allsabbaṁ
sufferingdukkhaṁ
out·gonenijjiṇṇaṁ
will bebhavissatīti.
notNa
you knowjānātha—
seen·onlydiṭṭheva
dhammadhamme
not·skillfulakusalānaṁ
dhammasdhammānaṁ
abandoningpahānaṁ,
of skillfulkusalānaṁ
dhammasdhammānaṁ
undertakingupasampadaṁ.
thusEvaṁ
beingsante,
friendāvuso
Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhā,
those whoye
in the worldloke
violentluddā
blood·handedlohitapāṇino
cruel·livelihoodkurūrakammantā
among humansmanussesu
back·bornpaccājātā
theyte
among Jain asceticsnigaṇṭhesu
go forthpabbajantī’ti?
‘Na kho, āvuso gotama, sukhena sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ, dukkhena kho sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ; sukhena cāvuso gotama, sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ abhavissa, rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro sukhaṁ adhigaccheyya, rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro sukhavihāritaro āyasmatā gotamenā’ti. ‘Addhāyasmantehi nigaṇṭhehi sahasā appaṭisaṅkhā vācā bhāsitā: “na kho, āvuso gotama, sukhena sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ, dukkhena kho sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ; sukhena cāvuso gotama, sukhaṁ adhigantabbaṁ abhavissa, rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro sukhaṁ adhigaccheyya, rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro sukhavihāritaro āyasmatā gotamenā”ti. Api ca ahameva tattha paṭipucchitabbo: “ko nu kho āyasmantānaṁ sukhavihāritaro rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro āyasmā vā gotamo”ti?
‘Reverend Gotama, pleasure is not gained through pleasure; pleasure is gained through pain. For if pleasure were to be gained through pleasure, King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha would gain pleasure, since he lives in greater pleasure than Venerable Gotama.’ ‘Clearly the venerables have spoken rashly, without reflection. Rather, I’m the one who should be asked about who lives in greater pleasure, King Bimbisāra or Venerable Gotama?’
surely + friendAddhāvuso
Gotamagotama,
by usamhehi
rashlysahasā
not·reflectionappaṭisaṅkhā
speechvācā
spokenbhāsitā,
notna
indeedkho,
friendāvuso
Gotamagotama,
by pleasuresukhena
pleasuresukhaṁ
to be attainedadhigantabbaṁ,
by sufferingdukkhena
indeedkho
pleasuresukhaṁ
to be attainedadhigantabbaṁ;
by pleasuresukhena
and + friendcāvuso
Gotamagotama,
pleasuresukhaṁ
to be attainedadhigantabbaṁ
would have beenabhavissa,
kingrājā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro
pleasuresukhaṁ
would attainadhigaccheyya,
kingrājā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro
pleasure·living moresukhavihāritaro
than Venerableāyasmatā
Gotamagotamenāti.
butApi
andca
stand·thattiṭṭhatetaṁ,
now·andidānipi
wemayaṁ
Venerableāyasmantaṁ
Gotamagotamaṁ
we askpucchāma:
who“ko
thennu
indeedkho
of the venerablesāyasmantānaṁ
pleasure·living moresukhavihāritaro
kingrājā
orvā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro
Venerableāyasmā
orvā
Gotamagotamo”ti?
thenTena
reverendshāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
you yourselvestumheva
theretattha
I will ask in returnpaṭipucchissāmi,
asyathā
to youvo
may be suitablekhameyya
sotathā
itnaṁ
you may answerbyākareyyātha.
thatTaṁ
whatkiṁ
do you think, reverendsmaññathāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
is capablepahoti
kingrājā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro,
not movinganiñjamāno
with the bodykāyena,
not speakingabhāsamāno
speechvācaṁ,
sevensatta
night·dayrattindivāni
absolute·happinessekantasukhaṁ
in return·together·feelpaṭisaṁvedī
to dwellviharitun’ti?
'no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend'āvuso’.
'that‘Taṁ
whatkiṁ
do you think, reverendsmaññathāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
is capablepahoti
kingrājā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro,
not movinganiñjamāno
with the bodykāyena,
not speakingabhāsamāno
speechvācaṁ,
sixcha
night·dayrattindivāni
…pe……pe…
fivepañca
night·dayrattindivāni
……
fourcattāri
night·dayrattindivāni
……
threetīṇi
night·dayrattindivāni
……
twodve
night·dayrattindivāni
……
oneekaṁ
night·dayrattindivaṁ
absolute·happinessekantasukhaṁ
in return·together·feelpaṭisaṁvedī
to dwellviharitun’ti?
'no‘No
indeedhidaṁ,
reverend'āvuso’.
'I‘Ahaṁ
indeedkho,
reverendsāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
I am capablepahomi
not movinganiñjamāno
with the bodykāyena,
not speakingabhāsamāno
speechvācaṁ,
oneekaṁ
night·dayrattindivaṁ
absolute·happinessekantasukhaṁ
in return·together·feelpaṭisaṁvedī
to dwellviharituṁ.
IAhaṁ
indeedkho,
reverendsāvuso
Nigaṇṭhasnigaṇṭhā,
I am capablepahomi
not movinganiñjamāno
with the bodykāyena,
not speakingabhāsamāno
speechvācaṁ,
twodve
night·dayrattindivāni
……
threetīṇi
night·dayrattindivāni
……
fourcattāri
nights and daysrattindivāni
……
fivepañca
nights and daysrattindivāni
……
sixcha
nights and daysrattindivāni
……
sevensatta
nights and daysrattindivāni
exclusive pleasureekantasukhaṁ
experiencingpaṭisaṁvedī
to dwellviharituṁ.
thatTaṁ
what?kiṁ
do you think, reverendsmaññathāvuso
o Jainasnigaṇṭhā,
thusevaṁ
being sosante
whoko
dwelling more in pleasuresukhavihāritaro
kingrājā
orvā
of Magadhamāgadho
Seniyaseniyo
Bimbisārabimbisāro
Iahaṁ
orvā’ti?
thus‘Evaṁ
being sosante
Venerable Gotama aloneāyasmāva
Gotamagotamo
dwelling more in pleasuresukhavihāritaro
than Kingraññā
of Magadhamāgadhena
Seniyaseniyena
Bimbisārabimbisārenā’”ti.
this he saidIdamavoca
the Blessed Onebhagavā.
satisfiedAttamano
Mahānāmamahānāmo
the Sakyansakko
of the Blessed Onebhagavato
speechbhāsitaṁ
approvedabhinandīti.
the Shorter Discourse on the Mass of SufferingCūḷadukkhakkhandhasuttaṁ
is finishedniṭṭhitaṁ
fourthcatutthaṁ.
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