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Majjhima Nikāya 32

Mahāgosiṅgasutta

The Longer Discourse at Gosiṅga · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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here, reverend“Idhāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, a mendicantbhikkhu by oneselfattanā andca a wilderness dwellerāraññiko ishoti of wilderness dwellingāraññikattassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca an almsfood eaterpiṇḍapātiko ishoti of almsfood eatingpiṇḍapātikattassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca a rag-robe wearerpaṁsukūliko ishoti of rag-robe wearingpaṁsukūlikattassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca a three-robe ownertecīvariko ishoti of owning three robestecīvarikattassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca of few wishesappiccho ishoti of fewness of wishesappicchatāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca contentedsantuṭṭho ishoti of contentmentsantuṭṭhiyā andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca secludedpavivitto ishoti of seclusionpavivekassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca aloofasaṁsaṭṭho ishoti of aloofnessasaṁsaggassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca energeticāraddhavīriyo ishoti of undertaking energyvīriyārambhassa andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca accomplished in ethicssīlasampanno ishoti of accomplishment in ethicssīlasampadāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca accomplished in immersionsamādhisampanno ishoti of accomplishment in immersionsamādhisampadāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca accomplished in wisdompaññāsampanno ishoti of accomplishment in wisdompaññāsampadāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca accomplished in freedomvimuttisampanno ishoti of accomplishment in freedomvimuttisampadāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī, by oneselfattanā andca accomplished in knowledge and vision of freedomvimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno ishoti of accomplishment in knowledge and vision of freedomvimuttiñāṇadassanasampadāya andca praisingvaṇṇavādī.

“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a mendicant who lives in the wilderness, eats only almsfood, wears rag robes, and owns just three robes; and they praise these things. They are of few wishes, content, secluded, aloof, and energetic; and they praise these things. They are accomplished in ethics, immersion, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom; and they praise these things.

such·kindEvarūpena indeedkho, friendāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, by a bhikkhubhikkhunā Gosiṅga·sal-tree·parkgosiṅgasālavanaṁ would gracesobheyyā”ti.

That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”

thusEvaṁ when saidvutte, venerableāyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto venerableāyasmantaṁ Mahāmoggallānamahāmoggallānaṁ said thisetadavoca:
answered“byākataṁ indeedkho, friendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, by venerableāyasmatā by Mahākassapamahākassapena as·ownyathāsakaṁ inspirationpaṭibhānaṁ.
thereTattha nowdāni wemayaṁ venerableāyasmantaṁ Mahāmoggallānamahāmoggallānaṁ we askpucchāma:
lovely‘ramaṇīyaṁ, friendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, Gosiṅga·sal·grovegosiṅgasālavanaṁ, cleardosinā nightratti, all·bloomsabbaphāliphullā sal treessālā, heavenlydibbā, I thinkmaññe, fragrancesgandhā together·flowsampavanti;
how·kindkathaṁrūpena, friendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, by a mendicantbhikkhunā Gosiṅga·sal·grovegosiṅgasālavanaṁ would gracesobheyyā’”ti?
here, friend“Idhāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, twodve mendicantsbhikkhū higher teaching·talkabhidhammakathaṁ they discusskathenti, theyte each otheraññamaññaṁ a questionpañhaṁ they askpucchanti, of each otheraññamaññassa a questionpañhaṁ having been askedpuṭṭhā they answervissajjenti, notno andca they faltersaṁsādenti, on the teachingdhammī andca theirnesaṁ discussionkathā flowing onpavattinī ishoti.
thus·kindEvarūpena indeedkho, friendāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, by a mendicantbhikkhunā Gosiṅga·sal·grovegosiṅgasālavanaṁ would gracesobheyyā”ti.

When he had spoken, Sāriputta said to Mahāmoggallāna, “Reverend Moggallāna, Mahākassapa has answered according to his own inspiration. And now we ask you the same question.” “Reverend Sāriputta, it’s when two mendicants engage in discussion about the teaching. They question each other and answer each other’s questions without faltering, and their discussion on the teaching flows on. That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”

thenAtha indeedkho venerableāyasmā great·Moggallānamahāmoggallāno venerableāyasmantaṁ Sāriputtasāriputtaṁ said thisetadavoca:
spoken“byākataṁ indeedkho, reverendāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, by usamhehi all·indeedsabbeheva according to one's own abilityyathāsakaṁ inspirationpaṭibhānaṁ.
now thereTattha nowdāni wemayaṁ venerableāyasmantaṁ Sāriputtasāriputtaṁ we askpucchāma:
lovely‘ramaṇīyaṁ, reverendāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅgagosiṅgasālavanaṁ, brightdosinā nightratti, all·blossom·bloomedsabbaphāliphullā sal treessālā, divinedibbā, it seemsmaññe, scentsgandhā seem to floatsampavanti;
of what kindkathaṁrūpena, reverendāvuso Sāriputtasāriputta, by a mendicantbhikkhunā Gosiṅga·sal·forestgosiṅgasālavanaṁ would gracesobheyyā’”ti?
here, reverend“Idhāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, a mendicantbhikkhu mindcittaṁ controlvasaṁ mastersvatteti, notno andca a mendicantbhikkhu of mindcittassa by controlvasena is masteredvattati.
heSo in whichyāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā wishesākaṅkhati morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, in thattāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ they abideviharati;
in whichyāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā wishesākaṅkhati midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, in thattāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ they abideviharati;
in whichyāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā wishesākaṅkhati evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, in thattāya abiding·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ they abideviharati.
just asSeyyathāpi, reverendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, of a kingrañño orvā royal·great·ministerrājamahāmattassa orvā various·colorednānārattānaṁ of garmentsdussānaṁ garment·chestdussakaraṇḍako fullpūro would beassa.

Then Mahāmoggallāna said to Sāriputta, “Each of us has spoken from our heart. And now we ask you: Reverend Sāriputta, the sal forest park at Gosiṅga is lovely, the night is bright, the sal trees are in full blossom, and heavenly scents seem to float on the air. What kind of mendicant would grace this park?” “Reverend Moggallāna, it’s when a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it. In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want. At midday, and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want. Suppose that a ruler or their chief minister had a chest full of garments of different colors.

heSo whateveryaññadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ toward·wishākaṅkheyya morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ to donpārupituṁ, thattaṁ that + verytadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ would donpārupeyya;
whateveryaññadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ toward·wishākaṅkheyya midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ to donpārupituṁ, thattaṁ that + verytadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ would donpārupeyya;
whateveryaññadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ toward·wishākaṅkheyya evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ to donpārupituṁ, thattaṁ that + verytadeva cloth·pairdussayugaṁ evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ would donpārupeyya.
so + justEvameva indeedkho, friendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, a mendicantbhikkhu mindcittaṁ under masteryvasaṁ mastersvatteti, notno andca a mendicantbhikkhu of the mindcittassa under the masteryvasena is masteredvattati.
heSo by whateveryāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā toward·wishākaṅkhati morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, by thattāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā morning·timepubbaṇhasamayaṁ abidesviharati;
by whateveryāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā toward·wishākaṅkhati midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, by thattāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā midday·timemajjhanhikasamayaṁ abidesviharati;
by whateveryāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā toward·wishākaṅkhati evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ to abideviharituṁ, by thattāya meditation·attainmentvihārasamāpattiyā evening·timesāyanhasamayaṁ abidesviharati.
by such a oneEvarūpena indeedkho, friendāvuso Moggallānamoggallāna, a mendicantbhikkhunā Gosiṅga·sal·forestgosiṅgasālavanaṁ would gracesobheyyā”ti.

In the morning, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted. At midday, and in the evening, they’d don whatever pair of garments they wanted. In the same way, a mendicant masters their mind and is not mastered by it. In the morning, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want. At midday, and in the evening, they abide in whatever meditation or attainment they want. That’s the kind of mendicant who would grace this park.”

thenAtha indeedkho venerableāyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto thosete venerablesāyasmante said thisetadavoca:
spoken“byākataṁ indeedkho, reverendāvuso, by usamhehi by allsabbeheva as·ownyathāsakaṁ inspired utterancepaṭibhānaṁ.
come, reverendsĀyāmāvuso, whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā to him we will approachtenupasaṅkamissāma; near·go·havingupasaṅkamitvā this matteretamatthaṁ to the Blessed Onebhagavato we will reportārocessāma.
asYathā to usno the Blessed Onebhagavā forth·will dobyākarissati sotathā itnaṁ we will rememberdhāressāmā”ti.
"Yes, reverend"“Evamāvuso”ti indeedkho thosete venerablesāyasmanto to venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa they repliedpaccassosuṁ.
thenAtha indeedkho thosete venerablesāyasmanto whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā to him they approachedtenupasaṅkamiṁsu; near·go·havingupasaṅkamitvā to the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ toward·speak·havingabhivādetvā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu. to one sideEkamantaṁ down·seatednisinno indeedkho venerableāyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto to the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ said thisetadavoca:

Then Sāriputta said to those venerables, “Each of us has spoken from the heart. Come, reverends, let’s go to the Buddha, and inform him about this. As he answers, so we’ll remember it.” “Yes, reverend,” they replied. Then those venerables went to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Venerable Sāriputta told the Buddha of how the mendicants had come to see him, and how he had asked Ānanda:

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