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Majjhima Nikāya 3

Dhammadāyādasutta

Heirs in the Teaching · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thusEvaṁ by meme heardsutaṁ—
oneekaṁ occasionsamayaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavā at Sāvatthīsāvatthiyaṁ dwellsviharati in Jeta’s Grovejetavane of Anāthapiṇḍikaanāthapiṇḍikassa in the monasteryārāme.
thereTatra indeedkho the Blessed Onebhagavā monksbhikkhū addressedāmantesi:
“monks!” (quote)“bhikkhavo”ti.
“venerable sir” (quote)“Bhadante”ti thosete monksbhikkhū to the Blessed Onebhagavato repliedpaccassosuṁ.
the Blessed OneBhagavā said thisetadavoca:

So I have heard. At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. There the Buddha addressed the mendicants, “Mendicants!” “Venerable sir,” they replied. The Buddha said this:

heirs in the teaching“Dhammadāyādā myme, monksbhikkhave, be!bhavatha, notmā heirs in material thingsāmisadāyādā.
there isAtthi myme for youtumhesu sympathyanukampā:
how‘kinti myme disciplessāvakā heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā might becomebhaveyyuṁ, notno heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā’ti.
youTumhe andca myme, monksbhikkhave, heirs in material thingsāmisadāyādā should becomebhaveyyātha notno heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā, you tootumhepi therebytena liable to blameādiyā would becomebhaveyyātha:
heirs in material things‘āmisadāyādā the Teacher’s disciplessatthusāvakā liveviharanti, notno heirs in the teaching (quote)dhammadāyādā’ti;
I tooahampi therebytena liable to blameādiyo would becomebhaveyyaṁ:
heirs in material things‘āmisadāyādā the Teacher’s disciplessatthusāvakā liveviharanti, notno heirs in the teaching (quote)dhammadāyādā’ti.
youTumhe andca myme, monksbhikkhave, heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā should becomebhaveyyātha, notno heirs in material thingsāmisadāyādā, you tootumhepi therebytena notna liable to blameādiyā would becomebhaveyyātha:
heirs in the teaching‘dhammadāyādā the Teacher’s disciplessatthusāvakā liveviharanti, notno heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā’ti;
I tooahampi therebytena notna liable to blameādiyo would becomebhaveyyaṁ:
heirs in the teaching‘dhammadāyādā the Teacher’s disciplessatthusāvakā liveviharanti, notno heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā’ti.
therefore hereTasmātiha myme, monksbhikkhave, heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā be!bhavatha, notmā heirs in material thingsāmisadāyādā.
there isAtthi myme for youtumhesu sympathyanukampā:
how‘kinti myme disciplessāvakā heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā might becomebhaveyyuṁ, notno heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā’ti.

“Mendicants, be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh. Out of sympathy for you, I think, ‘How can my disciples become heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh?’ If you become heirs in things of the flesh, not in the teaching, that will make you liable to the accusation: ‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in things of the flesh, not in the teaching.’ And it will make me liable to the accusation: ‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in things of the flesh, not in the teaching.’ If you become heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh, that will make you not liable to the accusation: ‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh.’ And it will make me not liable to the accusation: ‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh.’ So, mendicants, be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh. Out of sympathy for you, I think, ‘How can my disciples become heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh?’

suppose here IIdhāhaṁ, monksbhikkhave, having eatenbhuttāvī I would beassaṁ having refused morepavārito fullparipuṇṇo finishedpariyosito satisfiedsuhito having had enoughyāvadattho;
there might besiyā andca myme almsfoodpiṇḍapāto left overatirekadhammo to be thrown awaychaḍḍanīyadhammo.
thenAtha twodve monksbhikkhū might comeāgaccheyyuṁ overcome by hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyaparetā.
to them ITyāhaṁ thusevaṁ would sayvadeyyaṁ:
I‘ahaṁ indeed amkhomhi, monksbhikkhave, having eatenbhuttāvī having refused morepavārito fullparipuṇṇo finishedpariyosito satisfiedsuhito having had enoughyāvadattho;
there isatthi andca myme thisayaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapāto left overatirekadhammo to be thrown awaychaḍḍanīyadhammo.
ifSace you wishākaṅkhatha, eat!bhuñjatha, notno ifce youtumhe will eatbhuñjissatha, now Iidānāhaṁ where little growsappaharite orvā I will throw awaychaḍḍessāmi, without living creaturesappāṇake orvā in waterudake I will sink it (quote)opilāpessāmī’ti.
then to oneTatrekassa monkbhikkhuno it might occur thusevamassa:
the Blessed One‘bhagavā indeedkho having eatenbhuttāvī having refused morepavārito fullparipuṇṇo finishedpariyosito satisfiedsuhito having had enoughyāvadattho;
there isatthi and thiscāyaṁ of the Blessed Onebhagavato almsfoodpiṇḍapāto left overatirekadhammo to be thrown awaychaḍḍanīyadhammo.
ifSace wemayaṁ notna will eatbhuñjissāma, nowidāni the Blessed Onebhagavā where little growsappaharite orvā he will throw awaychaḍḍessati, without living creaturesappāṇake orvā in waterudake he will sink itopilāpessati.
saidVuttaṁ indeedkho moreover thispanetaṁ by the Blessed Onebhagavatā:
heirs in the teaching“dhammadāyādā myme, monksbhikkhave, be!bhavatha, notmā heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā”ti.
one of the material thingsĀmisaññataraṁ indeedkho moreover thispanetaṁ, namelyyadidaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapāto.
what if IYannūnāhaṁ thisimaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapātaṁ not having eatenabhuñjitvā with just thisimināva hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyena thusevaṁ thisimaṁ day and nightrattindivaṁ I might pass (quote)vītināmeyyan’ti.
heSo thattaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapātaṁ not having eatenabhuñjitvā with that veryteneva hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyena thusevaṁ thattaṁ day and nightrattindivaṁ might passvītināmeyya.
thenAtha to the seconddutiyassa monkbhikkhuno it might occur thusevamassa:
the Blessed One‘bhagavā indeedkho having eatenbhuttāvī having refused morepavārito fullparipuṇṇo finishedpariyosito satisfiedsuhito having had enoughyāvadattho;
there isatthi and thiscāyaṁ of the Blessed Onebhagavato almsfoodpiṇḍapāto left overatirekadhammo to be thrown awaychaḍḍanīyadhammo.
ifSace wemayaṁ notna will eatbhuñjissāma, nowidāni the Blessed Onebhagavā where little growsappaharite orvā he will throw awaychaḍḍessati, without living creaturesappāṇake orvā in waterudake he will sink itopilāpessati.
what if IYannūnāhaṁ thisimaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapātaṁ having eatenbhuñjitvā hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyaṁ having dispelledpaṭivinodetvā thusevaṁ thisimaṁ day and nightrattindivaṁ I might pass (quote)vītināmeyyan’ti.
heSo thattaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapātaṁ having eatenbhuñjitvā hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyaṁ having dispelledpaṭivinodetvā thusevaṁ thattaṁ day and nightrattindivaṁ might passvītināmeyya.
even thoughKiñcāpi thatso, monksbhikkhave, monkbhikkhu thattaṁ almsfoodpiṇḍapātaṁ having eatenbhuñjitvā hunger and weaknessjighacchādubbalyaṁ having dispelledpaṭivinodetvā thusevaṁ thattaṁ day and nightrattindivaṁ might passvītināmeyya, thenatha indeedkho that veryasuyeva myme formerpurimo monkbhikkhu more worthy of honorpujjataro andca more praiseworthypāsaṁsataro andca.
thatTaṁ of whatkissa reasonhetu?
for thatTañhi for thattassa, monksbhikkhave, monkbhikkhuno for a long timedīgharattaṁ to fewness of wishesappicchatāya to contentmentsantuṭṭhiyā to self-effacementsallekhāya to being easy to supportsubharatāya to arousing energyvīriyārambhāya will leadsaṁvattissati.
therefore hereTasmātiha myme, monksbhikkhave, heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā be!bhavatha, notmā heirs in material thingsāmisadāyādā.
there isAtthi myme for youtumhesu sympathyanukampā:
how‘kinti myme disciplessāvakā heirs in the teachingdhammadāyādā might becomebhaveyyuṁ, notno heirs in material things (quote)āmisadāyādā’”ti.

Suppose that I had eaten and refused more food, being replete, and having had as much as I needed. And there was some extra almsfood that was going to be thrown away. Then two mendicants were to come who were weak with hunger. I’d say to them, ‘Mendicants, I have eaten and refused more food, being replete, and having had as much as I need. And there is this extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away. Eat it if you like. Otherwise I’ll throw it out where there is little that grows, or drop it into water that has no living creatures.’ Then one of those mendicants thought, ‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food. And he has some extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away. If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away. But the Buddha has also said: “Be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh.” And almsfood is one of the things of the flesh. Instead of eating this almsfood, why don’t I spend this day and night weak with hunger?’ And that’s what they did. Then the second of those mendicants thought, ‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food. And he has some extra almsfood that’s going to be thrown away. If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away. Why don’t I eat this almsfood, then spend the day and night having dispelled my hunger and weakness?’ And that’s what they did. Even though that mendicant, after eating the almsfood, spent the day and night having dispelled hunger and weakness, it is the former mendicant who is more worthy of respect and praise. Why is that? Because for a long time that will conduce to that mendicant being of few wishes, content, self-effacing, unburdensome, and energetic. So, mendicants, be my heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh. Out of sympathy for you, I think, ‘How can my disciples become heirs in the teaching, not in things of the flesh?’”

this saidIdamavoca the Blessed Onebhagavā.
thisIdaṁ having saidvatvāna the Holy Onesugato having risen from the seatuṭṭhāyāsanā the dwellingvihāraṁ enteredpāvisi.
thereTatra indeedkho venerableāyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto not long departedacirapakkantassa of the Blessed Onebhagavato monksbhikkhū addressedāmantesi:
reverends“āvuso monks!” (quote)bhikkhave”ti.
“reverend” (quote)“Āvuso”ti indeedkho thosete monksbhikkhū to venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa repliedpaccassosuṁ.
venerableĀyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto said thisetadavoca:

That is what the Buddha said. When he had spoken, the Holy One rose from his seat and entered his dwelling. Then, not long after the Buddha left, Venerable Sāriputta said to the mendicants, “Reverends, mendicants!” “Reverend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

to what extent“Kittāvatā thennu indeedkho, reverendsāvuso, of the Teachersatthu secludedpavivittassa dwellingviharato disciplessāvakā seclusionvivekaṁ do not train innānusikkhanti, to what extentkittāvatā andca butpana of the Teachersatthu secludedpavivittassa dwellingviharato disciplessāvakā do train in seclusion? (quote)vivekamanusikkhantī”ti?
even from afar“Dūratopi indeedkho wemayaṁ, reverendsāvuso, we comeāgacchāma of venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa in the presencesantike of thisetassa statementbhāsitassa to learn the meaningatthamaññātuṁ.
goodSādhu indeed venerable himselfvatāyasmantaṁyeva Sāriputtasāriputtaṁ may he clarifypaṭibhātu of thisetassa statementbhāsitassa the meaningattho;
from venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa having heardsutvā monksbhikkhū will remember (quote)dhāressantī”ti.
well then“Tena reverendshāvuso, listen!suṇātha, wellsādhukaṁ in mindmanasi apply!karotha, I will speak (quote)bhāsissāmī”ti.
“yes, reverend” (quote)“Evamāvuso”ti indeedkho thosete monksbhikkhū to venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa repliedpaccassosuṁ.
venerableĀyasmā Sāriputtasāriputto said thisetadavoca:

“Reverends, how do the disciples of a Teacher who lives in seclusion not train in seclusion? And how do they train in seclusion?” “Reverend, we would travel a long way to learn the meaning of this statement in the presence of Venerable Sāriputta. May Venerable Sāriputta himself please clarify the meaning of this. The mendicants will listen and remember it.” “Well then, reverends, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.” “Yes, reverend,” they replied. Sāriputta said this:

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