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Majjhima Nikāya 41

Sāleyyakasutta

The People of Sālā · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thusEvaṁ by meme heardsutaṁ—
oneekaṁ timesamayaṁ the Blessed Onebhagavā among the Kosalanskosalesu walking tourcārikaṁ wanderingcaramāno with a largemahatā Saṅgha of mendicantsbhikkhusaṅghena together withsaddhiṁ whereyena Sālāsālā namednāma of the Kosalanskosalānaṁ village of brahminsbrāhmaṇagāmo there·down·movetadavasari.

they heardAssosuṁ indeedkho of Sālāsāleyyakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā:
the ascetic“samaṇo it seemskhalu, sirbho, Gotamagotamo Sakyan·sonsakyaputto Sakyan·familysakyakulā forth·gopabbajito among the Kosalanskosalesu wanderingcārikaṁ while wanderingcaramāno with a largemahatā mendicant·Saṅghabhikkhusaṅghena together withsaddhiṁ at Sālāsālaṁ along·arrivedanuppatto.
thisTaṁ indeedkho furtherpana the venerablebhavantaṁ Gotamagotamaṁ thusevaṁ goodkalyāṇo fame·soundkittisaddo forth·out·gone upabbhuggato:
thus indeed‘itipi thatso Blessed Onebhagavā perfectedarahaṁ fully·fully·awakenedsammāsambuddho knowledge·conduct·accomplishedvijjācaraṇasampanno well·gonesugato world·knowerlokavidū supremeanuttaro person·trainable·charioteerpurisadammasārathi teachersatthā god·humandevamanussānaṁ awakenedbuddho blessedbhagavā’.
heSo thisimaṁ worldlokaṁ with·godssadevakaṁ with·Mārassamārakaṁ with·Brahmāssabrahmakaṁ with·ascetic·and·brahminsassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ populationpajaṁ with·god·humansadevamanussaṁ with his own insightsayaṁ direct·knowledgeabhiññā with one's own eyes·madesacchikatvā forth·knowpavedeti.
heSo Dhammadhammaṁ he teachesdeseti beginning·goodādikalyāṇaṁ middle·goodmajjhekalyāṇaṁ end·goodpariyosānakalyāṇaṁ meaningfulsātthaṁ with·phrasingsabyañjanaṁ;
whole·fullkevalaparipuṇṇaṁ completely·pureparisuddhaṁ holy·lifebrahmacariyaṁ forth·shinepakāseti.
goodSādhu indeedkho furtherpana such·kindtathārūpānaṁ of perfected onesarahataṁ seeingdassanaṁ it ishotī”ti.

thenAtha indeedkho of Sālāsāleyyakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā whereyena the Buddhabhagavā they approached himtenupasaṅkamiṁsu; having approachedupasaṅkamitvā someappekacce the Buddhabhagavantaṁ having bowedabhivādetvā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce with the Buddhabhagavatā togethersaddhiṁ they exchanged greetingssammodiṁsu, politesammodanīyaṁ conversationkathaṁ memorablesāraṇīyaṁ having exchangedvītisāretvā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce whereyena the Buddhabhagavā cupped palms toward himtenañjaliṁ having held uppaṇāmetvā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce of the Buddhabhagavato in the presencesantike name·clannāmagottaṁ having announcedsāvetvā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce silent·beingtuṇhībhūtā one·sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu. to one sideEkamantaṁ seatednisinnā indeedkho of Sālāsāleyyakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā the Buddhabhagavantaṁ they said thisetadavocuṁ:

what“ko indeednu indeedkho, worthybho Gotamagotama, causehetu, whatko reasonpaccayo, by whichyena here somem’idhekacce beingssattā of bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā place of lossapāyaṁ bad placeduggatiṁ underworldvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ are rebornupapajjanti?
whatKo andpana, worthybho Gotamagotama, causehetu, whatko reasonpaccayo, by whichyena here somem’idhekacce beingssattā of bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā good placesugatiṁ heavenly realmsaggaṁ worldlokaṁ are rebornupapajjantī”ti?

because of unprincipled and immoral conduct“Adhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā place of lossapāyaṁ bad·placeduggatiṁ the underworldvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ are rebornupapajjanti.
principled·conduct·moral·conduct·reasonDhammacariyāsamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā good·placesugatiṁ heavenly realmsaggaṁ realmlokaṁ are rebornupapajjantī”ti.

not“Na indeedkho wemayaṁ of thisimassa of the worthybhoto of Gotamagotamassa in briefsaṅkhittena of the statementbhāsitassa, in detailvitthārena meaningatthaṁ not·apart·dividedavibhattassa, in detailvitthārena meaningatthaṁ to·knowājānāma.
pleaseSādhu for usno worthybhavaṁ Gotamagotamo in this waytathā the teachingdhammaṁ let him teachdesetu, so thatyathā wemayaṁ of thisimassa of the worthybhoto of Gotamagotamassa in briefsaṅkhittena of the statementbhāsitassa, in detailvitthārena meaningatthaṁ not·apart·dividedavibhattassa, in detailvitthārena meaningatthaṁ to·know·quotation markerājāneyyāmā”ti.
then“Tena wellhi, householdersgahapatayo, listensuṇātha, wellsādhukaṁ in the mindmanasi applykarotha, speak·quotation markerbhāsissāmī”ti.
yes“Evaṁ, worthy sir·quotation markerbho”ti indeedkho the people of Sālāsāleyyakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā to the Blessed Onebhagavato back·heardpaccassosuṁ.
the Blessed OneBhagavā this·saidetadavoca:

three·fold“Tividhaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, by way of bodykāyena unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti, four·foldcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti, three·foldtividhaṁ by way of mindmanasā unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti.

how + andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, three·foldtividhaṁ by way of bodykāyena un·principled·conduct + immoral·conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco kills living creaturespāṇātipātī ishoti, violentluddo blood·handlohitapāṇi in killing and slaughterhatappahate intentniviṭṭho mercilessadayāpanno living being + beingspāṇabhūtesu.
stealsAdinnādāyī indeedkho furtherpana ishoti. whichYaṁ thattaṁ of anotherparassa wealth or belongings of othersparavittūpakaraṇaṁ, village·gonegāmagataṁ orvā wilderness·gonearaññagataṁ orvā, thattaṁ un·givenadinnaṁ theft·reckonedtheyyasaṅkhātaṁ to·giveādātā ishoti.
sensual pleasures·wrong·conductKāmesumicchācārī indeedkho furtherpana ishoti. whichYā thosetā mother·protectedmāturakkhitā father·protectedpiturakkhitā mother·father·protectedmātāpiturakkhitā brother·protectedbhāturakkhitā sister·protectedbhaginirakkhitā relatives·protectedñātirakkhitā clan·protectedgottarakkhitā principle·protecteddhammarakkhitā with + husbandsassāmikā with + punishmentsaparidaṇḍā evenantamaso garland·token + garlanded + evenmālāguḷaparikkhittāpi, such + kindtathārūpāsu relationscārittaṁ to·enterāpajjitā ishoti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, three·foldtividhaṁ by way of bodykāyena un·principled·conduct + immoral·conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti.

how + andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, fourfoldcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco a liarmusāvādī ishoti. gone to a councilSabhāgato orvā gone to an assemblyparisāgato orvā, gone among relativesñātimajjhagato orvā gone among a guildpūgamajjhagato orvā gone among the royal courtrājakulamajjhagato orvā, ledabhinīto asked as a witnesssakkhipuṭṭho: please, my friend‘ehambho manpurisa, whatyaṁ you knowjānāsi thattaṁ sayvadehī’ti, heso not knowingajānaṁ orvā saysāha: I know‘jānāmī’ti, knowingjānaṁ orvā saysāha: notna I knowjānāmī’ti, not seeing‘apassaṁ orvā saysāha: I see‘passāmī’ti, seeingpassaṁ orvā saysāha: not‘na I seepassāmī’ti. thusIti for the sake of oneselfattahetu orvā for the sake of anotherparahetu orvā for some trivial worldly reasonāmisakiñcikkhahetu orvā deliberately lyingsampajānamusā one who has spokenbhāsitā ishoti.
backbiting speechPisuṇavāco indeedkho thenpana ishoti. from hereIto having heardsutvā thereamutra a reporterakkhātā of theseimesaṁ for dividingbhedāya, thereamutra orvā having heardsutvā of theseimesaṁ a reporterakkhātā of thoseamūsaṁ for dividingbhedāya. thusIti of the unitedsamaggānaṁ orvā a dividerbhettā, of the dividedbhinnānaṁ orvā one who supportsanuppadātā, delighting in divisionvaggārāmo enjoying divisionvaggarato loving divisionvagganandī words that promote divisionvaggakaraṇiṁ speechvācaṁ one who has spokenbhāsitā ishoti.

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