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Majjhima Nikāya 42

Verañjakasutta

The People of Verañja · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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thusEvaṁ by meme heardsutaṁ—
oneekaṁ timesamayaṁ the Buddhabhagavā at Sāvatthīsāvatthiyaṁ was stayingviharati in Jeta's Grovejetavane of Anāthapiṇḍikaanāthapiṇḍikassa monasteryārāme.

by thatTena indeedkho thenpana at the timesamayena of Verañjāverañjakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā in Sāvatthīsāvatthiyaṁ against·dwellpaṭivasanti on somekenacideva businesskaraṇīyena.
they heardAssosuṁ indeedkho of Verañjāverañjakā brahmins and householdersbrāhmaṇagahapatikā:
the ascetic“samaṇo it seemskhalu, sirbho, Gotamagotamo Sakyan·sonsakyaputto Sakyan·familysakyakulā go forth·gonepabbajito in Sāvatthīsāvatthiyaṁ is stayingviharati in Jeta's Grovejetavane of Anāthapiṇḍikaanāthapiṇḍikassa monasteryārāme.
of himTaṁ indeedkho thenpana the venerablebhavantaṁ Gotamagotamaṁ thusevaṁ goodkalyāṇo fame·soundkittisaddo has arisenabbhuggato:
thus indeed‘itipi heso Blessed Onebhagavā arahantarahaṁ perfectly awakenedsammāsambuddho knowledge·conduct·endowedvijjācaraṇasampanno well-gonesugato world·knowerlokavidū not·higheranuttaro person·to be tamed·charioteerpurisadammasārathi teachersatthā god·humandevamanussānaṁ awakenedbuddho Blessed Onebhagavā’.
heSo thisimaṁ worldlokaṁ with·godssadevakaṁ with·Mārasamārakaṁ with·Brahmāsabrahmakaṁ with its ascetics and brahminssassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ peoplepajaṁ with·god·humansadevamanussaṁ himselfsayaṁ direct·knowledgeabhiññā having realizedsacchikatvā proclaimspavedeti.
heSo the Dhammadhammaṁ teachesdeseti beginning·goodādikalyāṇaṁ middle·goodmajjhekalyāṇaṁ end·goodpariyosānakalyāṇaṁ with·meaningsātthaṁ with phrasingsabyañjanaṁ; complete·fullkevalaparipuṇṇaṁ pureparisuddhaṁ holy·lifebrahmacariyaṁ proclaimspakāseti.
goodSādhu indeedkho thenpana such·formtathārūpānaṁ of perfected onesarahataṁ sightdassanaṁ it ishotī”ti.

thenAtha indeedkho of Verañjaverañjakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā there they approachedtenupasaṅkamiṁsu; approach·havingupasaṅkamitvā someappekacce the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ greet·havingabhivādetvā to one sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce with the Blessed Onebhagavatā together withsaddhiṁ they exchanged greetingssammodiṁsu, cordialsammodanīyaṁ talkkathaṁ memorablesāraṇīyaṁ conclude·havingvītisāretvā to one sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā there + joined palmstenañjaliṁ raise·havingpaṇāmetvā to one sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce of the Blessed Onebhagavato in the presencesantike name·clannāmagottaṁ announce·havingsāvetvā to one sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu; someappekacce silent·beingtuṇhībhūtā to one sideekamantaṁ they sat downnisīdiṁsu. to one sideEkamantaṁ seatednisinnā indeedkho of Verañjaverañjakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ this they saidetadavocuṁ:

what“ko indeednu indeedkho, worthybho Gotamagotama, causehetu, whatko reasonpaccayo by whichyena here somem’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa from breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ from deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ to a bad placeduggatiṁ to the underworldvinipātaṁ to hellnirayaṁ are rebornupapajjanti?
whatKo andpana, worthybho Gotamagotama, causehetu, whatko reasonpaccayo by whichyena here somem’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa from breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ from deathmaraṇā to a good placesugatiṁ to a heavenly realmsaggaṁ worldlokaṁ are rebornupapajjantī”ti?

because of unprincipled and immoral conduct“Adhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā a place of lossapāyaṁ bad·destinationduggatiṁ the underworldvinipātaṁ hellnirayaṁ are rebornupapajjanti.
because of principled and moral conductDhammacariyāsamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā good·destinationsugatiṁ a heavenly realmsaggaṁ worldlokaṁ are rebornupapajjantī”ti.

not“Na indeedkho wemayaṁ of thisimassa of the worthybhoto of Gotamagotamassa by the briefsaṅkhittena of the statementbhāsitassa, in detailvitthārena the meaningatthaṁ of the unanalyzedavibhattassa, in detailvitthārena the meaningatthaṁ we understandājānāma.
pleaseSādhu to usno the worthybhavaṁ Gotamagotamo sotathā the dhammadhammaṁ let him teachdesetu so thatyathā wemayaṁ of thisimassa of the worthybhoto of Gotamagotamassa by the briefsaṅkhittena of the statementbhāsitassa, in detailvitthārena the meaningatthaṁ of the unanalyzedavibhattassa, in detailvitthārena the meaningatthaṁ we would understandājāneyyāmā”ti.
“then“Tena wellhi, householdersgahapatayo, listensuṇātha carefullysādhukaṁ attentionmanasi makekarotha, I will speakbhāsissāmī”ti.
“yes“Evaṁ, sirbho”ti indeedkho the Verañjaverañjakā brahmin·householderbrāhmaṇagahapatikā to the Blessed Onebhagavato they repliedpaccassosuṁ.
the Blessed OneBhagavā said thisetadavoca:

threefold“Tividhaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, by way of bodykāyena un-·principle·conductingadhammacārī immoral·conductingvisamacārī ishoti, four·kindcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya un-·principle·conductingadhammacārī immoral·conductingvisamacārī ishoti, threefoldtividhaṁ by way of mindmanasā un-·principle·conductingadhammacārī immoral·conductingvisamacārī ishoti.

how·andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by bodykāyena not·dhamma·actingadhammacārī uneven·actingvisamacārī ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, one·personekacco one who kills living beingspāṇātipātī ishoti. cruelLuddo blood·handlohitapāṇi killed + smittenhatappahate establishedniviṭṭho not·compassion·endowedadayāpanno toward living beingspāṇabhūtesu.
one who takes what is not givenAdinnādāyī indeedkho nowpana ishoti. whichYaṁ thattaṁ of anotherparassa other·wealth·instrumentparavittūpakaraṇaṁ …… thattaṁ not·givenadinnaṁ theft·reckonedtheyyasaṅkhātaṁ toward·giveādātā ishoti.
in sensual pleasures·wrongly·actingKāmesumicchācārī indeedkho nowpana ishoti. whoeverYā thosetā mother·protectedmāturakkhitā …… such·kindtathārūpāsu sexual intercoursecārittaṁ toward·engagingāpajjitā ishoti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by bodykāyena not·dhamma·actingadhammacārī uneven·actingvisamacārī ishoti.

how·andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, fourfoldcatubbidhaṁ in speechvācāya not·righteousness·conductingadhammacārī uneven·conductingvisamacārī ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, a certain oneekacco falsehood·speakingmusāvādī ishoti. gone to the assemblySabhāgato orvā …… knowing·falsehoodsampajānamusā spokenbhāsitā ishoti.
one of divisive speechPisuṇavāco indeedkho thenpana ishoti. from hereIto having heardsutvā thereamutra relatedakkhātā …… division·causingvaggakaraṇiṁ speechvācaṁ spokenbhāsitā ishoti.
one of harsh speechPharusavāco indeedkho thenpana ishoti. whichYā thatsā speechvācā roughaṇḍakā harshkakkasā …… of such kindtathārūpiṁ speechvācaṁ spokenbhāsitā ishoti.
one of frivolous chatterSamphappalāpī indeedkho thenpana ishoti. one speaking at the wrong timeAkālavādī …… unboundedness·havingapariyantavatiṁ connected with harmanatthasaṁhitaṁ.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, fourfoldcatubbidhaṁ in speechvācāya not·righteousness·conductingadhammacārī uneven·conductingvisamacārī ishoti.

and howKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, three·kindtividhaṁ by mindmanasā not·dhamma·conductadhammacārī uneven·conductvisamacārī ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, a certain oneekacco covetousabhijjhālu ishoti …pe……pe… thattaṁ would be minemamassā’ti.
malevolent·mindByāpannacitto indeedkho thenpana ishoti corrupted·mental intentionpaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo: these‘ime beingssattā may they be slainhaññantu orvā …… notmā orvā may they not beahesun’ti.
wrong·viewMicchādiṭṭhiko indeedkho thenpana ishoti perverted·seeingviparītadassano:
there is not‘natthi what is givendinnaṁ, there is notnatthi what is offeredyiṭṭhaṁ …… having realizedsacchikatvā they proclaimpavedentī’ti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, three·kindtividhaṁ by mindmanasā not·dhamma·conductadhammacārī uneven·conductvisamacārī ishoti.
thusEvaṁ unrighteous conduct·uneven conduct·because ofadhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce beingssattā of the bodykāyassa after breakupbhedā afterparaṁ deathmaraṇā to a state of lossapāyaṁ bad·destinationduggatiṁ to ruinvinipātaṁ to hellnirayaṁ they are rebornupapajjanti.

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