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Majjhima Nikāya 88

Bāhitikasutta

The Foreign Cloth · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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which kindKatamo butpana, honorablebhante Ānanda,ānanda, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro faultedopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by sensible ones”?viññūhī”ti?
which“Yo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro unskillfulakusalo”.
which kind“Katamo but,pana, honorable,bhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is unskillful”?akusalo”?
which“Yo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is blameworthysāvajjo”.
which kind“Katamo but,pana, honorable,bhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is blameworthy”?sāvajjo”?
which“Yo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is hurtfulsabyābajjho”.
which kind“Katamo but,pana, honorable,bhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is hurtful”?sabyābajjho”?
which“Yo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro resulting in sufferingdukkhavipāko”.
which kind“Katamo but,pana, honorable,bhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro results in suffering”?dukkhavipāko”?
which“Yo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro to hurting oneself alsoattabyābādhāyapi leads,saṁvattati, to hurting others alsoparabyābādhāyapi leads,saṁvattati, and to hurting both alsoubhayabyābādhāyapi leads.saṁvattati.
for himTassa unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā grow,abhivaḍḍhanti, skillfulkusalā qualitiesdhammā decline;parihāyanti;
suchevarūpo indeed,kho, great king,mahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro is faultedopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by sensible ones.”viññūhī”ti.

But Honorable Ānanda, what kind of bodily behavior is faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins?” “Unskillful behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is unskillful?” “Blameworthy behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is blameworthy?” “Hurtful behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is hurtful?” “Behavior that results in suffering.” “But what kind of bodily behavior results in suffering?” “Bodily behavior that leads to hurting yourself, hurting others, and hurting both, and which makes unskillful qualities grow while skillful qualities decline. That kind of bodily behavior is faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins.”

“what kind“Katamo butpana, venerable sirbhante Ānandaānanda, verbal behaviorvacīsamācāro …pe……pe…
mental behaviormanosamācāro is faultedopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by sensible ones?”viññūhī”ti?
“that“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro unwholesome.”akusalo”.
“what kind“Katamo butpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro unwholesome?”akusalo”?
“that“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro blameworthy.”sāvajjo”.
“what kind“Katamo butpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro blameworthy?”sāvajjo”?
“that“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro harmful.”sabyābajjho”.

“But what kind of verbal behavior … mental behavior is faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins?” …

which“Katamo thenpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro harmfulsabyābajjho”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro having painful resultdukkhavipāko”.
which“Katamo thenpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro having painful resultdukkhavipāko”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro to hurting oneself tooattabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, to hurting others tooparabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, to hurting both tooubhayabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati.
for himTassa unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā growabhivaḍḍhanti, skillfulkusalā qualitiesdhammā declineparihāyanti;
suchevarūpo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro faultedopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by the wiseviññūhī”ti.

“Mental behavior that leads to hurting yourself, hurting others, and hurting both, and which makes unskillful qualities grow while skillful qualities decline. That kind of mental behavior is faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins.”

what?“Kiṁ thennu indeedkho, sirbhante Ānandaānanda, thatso Blessed Onebhagavā of all justsabbesaṁyeva unskillfulakusalānaṁ of thingsdhammānaṁ giving uppahānaṁ praises?vaṇṇetī”ti?
having given up all unskillful things“Sabbākusaladhammapahīno indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, Realized Onetathāgato possessing skillful thingskusaladhammasamannāgato”ti.

“Sir, does the Buddha praise giving up all these unskillful things?” “Great king, the Realized One has given up all unskillful things and possesses skillful things.”

what kind“Katamo butpana, sirbhante Ānandaānanda, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro not faultedanopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by the sensibleviññūhī”ti?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro skillfulkusalo”.
what kind“Katamo butpana, sirbhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro skillfulkusalo”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro blamelessanavajjo”.
what kind“Katamo butpana, sirbhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro blamelessanavajjo”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro pleasingabyābajjho”.
what kind“Katamo butpana, sirbhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro pleasingabyābajjho”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro resulting in happinesssukhavipāko”.
what kind“Katamo butpana, sirbhante, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro resulting in happinesssukhavipāko”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro nor to one's own oppressionnevattabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, notna nor to another's oppressionparabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, notna nor to oppression of bothubhayabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati.
of that oneTassa unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā declineparihāyanti, skillfulkusalā qualitiesdhammā growabhivaḍḍhanti.
suchEvarūpo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, bodily behaviorkāyasamācāro not faultedanopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by the sensibleviññūhī”ti.

“But sir, what kind of bodily behavior is not faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins?” “Skillful behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is skillful?” “Blameless behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is blameless?” “Pleasing behavior.” “But what kind of bodily behavior is pleasing?” “Behavior that results in happiness.” “But what kind of bodily behavior results in happiness?” “Bodily behavior that leads to pleasing yourself, pleasing others, and pleasing both, and which makes unskillful qualities decline while skillful qualities grow. That kind of bodily behavior is not faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins.”

which“Katamo butpana, venerable sirbhante Ānandaānanda, verbal behaviorvacīsamācāro …pe……pe…
mental behaviormanosamācāro not faultedanopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by sensible ones?”viññūhī”ti?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro wholesomekusalo”.
which“Katamo butpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro wholesome?kusalo”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro blamelessanavajjo”.

“But what kind of verbal behavior … mental behavior is not faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins?” …

what“Katamo thenpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro blamelessanavajjo”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro harmlessabyābajjho”.
what“Katamo thenpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro harmlessabyābajjho”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro having pleasant resultsukhavipāko”.
what“Katamo thenpana, venerable sirbhante, mental behaviormanosamācāro having pleasant resultsukhavipāko”?
which“Yo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro nor even to one's own harmnevattabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, notna nor even to another's harmparabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati, notna nor even to harm of bothubhayabyābādhāyapi leadssaṁvattati.
for himTassa unskillfulakusalā qualitiesdhammā declineparihāyanti, skillfulkusalā qualitiesdhammā growabhivaḍḍhanti.
suchEvarūpo indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, mental behaviormanosamācāro not blamedanopārambho by asceticssamaṇehi by brahminsbrāhmaṇehi by the wiseviññūhī”ti.

“Mental behavior that leads to pleasing yourself, pleasing others, and pleasing both, and which makes unskillful qualities decline while skillful qualities grow. That kind of mental behavior is not faulted by sensible ascetics and brahmins.”

what?“Kiṁ thenpana, venerable sirbhante Ānandaānanda, thatso Blessed Onebhagavā of all indeedsabbesaṁyeva skillfulkusalānaṁ qualitiesdhammānaṁ embracingupasampadaṁ praises?"vaṇṇetī”ti?
has given up all unskillful qualities“Sabbākusaladhammapahīno indeedkho, great kingmahārāja, Realized Onetathāgato possesses skillful qualities."kusaladhammasamannāgato”ti.

“Sir, does the Buddha praise embracing all these skillful things?” “Great king, the Realized One has given up all unskillful things and possesses skillful things.”

wonderful“Acchariyaṁ, sirbhante, amazingabbhutaṁ, sirbhante.
howYāva well said thissubhāsitañcidaṁ, sirbhante, by venerableāyasmatā Ānandaānandena.
with thisIminā andca wemayaṁ, sirbhante, of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa well-spokensubhāsitena delighted and satisfiedattamanābhiraddhā.
thusEvaṁ delighted and satisfiedattamanābhiraddhā andca wemayaṁ, sirbhante, of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa well-spokensubhāsitena.
ifSace, sirbhante, of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa elephant-treasurehatthiratanaṁ were suitablekappeyya, an elephant-treasure toohatthiratanampi wemayaṁ of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa would givedadeyyāma.
ifSace, sirbhante, of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa horse-treasureassaratanaṁ were suitablekappeyya, a horse-treasure tooassaratanampi wemayaṁ of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa would givedadeyyāma.
ifSace, sirbhante, of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa prize villagegāmavaraṁ were suitablekappeyya, a prize village toogāmavarampi wemayaṁ of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa would givedadeyyāma.
butApi andca, sirbhante, we too thismayampetaṁ knowjānāma:
not this‘netaṁ of venerableāyasmato Ānandaānandassa is suitablekappatī’ti.
thisAyaṁ to meme, sirbhante, foreign clothbāhitikā by kingraññā of Magadhamāgadhena Ajātasattuajātasattunā son of the princess of Videhavedehiputtena in a parasol casevatthanāḷiyā having packedpakkhipitvā sentpahitā sixteen measuressoḷasasamā in lengthāyāmena, eight measuresaṭṭhasamā in widthvitthārena.
thatTaṁ, sirbhante, venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando may acceptpaṭiggaṇhātu sympathyanukampaṁ out ofupādāyā”ti.
enough“Alaṁ, great kingmahārāja, completeparipuṇṇaṁ myme three robesticīvaran”ti.

“It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing! How well this was said by Venerable Ānanda! I’m delighted and satisfied with what you’ve expressed so well. So much so that if an elephant-treasure was suitable for you, I would give you one. If a horse-treasure was suitable for you, I would give you one. If a prize village was suitable for you, I would give you one. But, sir, I know that these things are not suitable for you. This foreign cloth was sent to me by King Ajātasattu of Magadha, son of the princess of Videha, packed in a parasol case. It’s exactly sixteen measures long and eight wide. May Venerable Ānanda please accept it out of sympathy.” “Enough, Great King. My three robes are complete.”

this“Ayaṁ, sirbhante, Aciravatīaciravatī rivernadī seendiṭṭhā by the venerableāyasmatā andceva Ānandaānandena by usamhehi andca.
whenYadā on the upper mountainuparipabbate a great cloudmahāmegho rained heavilyabhippavuṭṭho ishoti, then thisathāyaṁ Aciravatīaciravatī rivernadī on both sidesubhato bankskūlāni overflowingsaṁvissandantī goesgacchati;
just soevameva indeedkho, sirbhante, the venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando with thisimāya foreign clothbāhitikāya for himselfattano a set of three robesticīvaraṁ will makekarissati.
whichYaṁ but the venerablepanāyasmato of Ānandaānandassa oldpurāṇaṁ set of three robesticīvaraṁ thattaṁ with fellow monkssabrahmacārīhi will sharesaṁvibhajissati.
thus thisEvāyaṁ ouramhākaṁ religious donationdakkhiṇā overflowingsaṁvissandantī it seems to memaññe will gogamissati.
may he acceptPaṭiggaṇhātu, sirbhante, the venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando the foreign clothbāhitikan”ti.

“Sir, we have both seen this Aciravatī River when it has rained heavily in the mountains, and the river overflows both its banks. In the same way, Venerable Ānanda can make a set of three robes for himself from this foreign cloth, and you can share your old robes with your fellow monks. In this way my religious donation will come to overflow, it seems to me. Please accept the foreign cloth.”

acceptedPaṭiggahesi indeedkho Venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando the foreign cloth.bāhitikaṁ.
ThenAtha indeedkho Kingrājā Pasenadipasenadi of Kosalakosalo to Venerableāyasmantaṁ Ānandaānandaṁ said this:etadavoca:
well,“handa andca nowdāni we,mayaṁ, sirbhante Ānanda,ānanda, we go.gacchāma;
with many dutiesbahukiccā wemayaṁ have much to do."bahukaraṇīyā”ti.
at your convenience“Yassadāni you,tvaṁ, Great King,mahārāja, timekālaṁ you think."maññasī”ti.
ThenAtha indeedkho Kingrājā Pasenadipasenadi of Kosalakosalo of Venerableāyasmato Ānanda'sānandassa speechbhāsitaṁ having delighted inabhinanditvā having approvedanumoditvā having risen from his seatuṭṭhāyāsanā Venerableāyasmantaṁ Ānandaānandaṁ having bowedabhivādetvā respectful circlingpadakkhiṇaṁ having donekatvā departed.pakkāmi.

So Ānanda accepted it. Then King Pasenadi said to him, “Well, now, sir, I must go. I have many duties, and much to do.” “Please, Great King, go at your convenience.” Then King Pasenadi approved and agreed with what Ānanda said. He rose from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled Ānanda, keeping him on his right, before leaving.

thenAtha indeedkho Venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando of the one who had just leftacirapakkantassa of the kingrañño Pasenadipasenadissa of Kosalakosalassa whereyena the Blessed Onebhagavā he approachedtenupasaṅkami; having approachedupasaṅkamitvā the Blessed Onebhagavantaṁ having bowedabhivādetvā to one sideekamantaṁ he sat downnisīdi.
to one sideEkamantaṁ seatednisinno indeedkho Venerableāyasmā Ānandaānando as much asyāvatako there wasahosi with Kingraññā Pasenadipasenadinā of Kosalakosalena together withsaddhiṁ conversationkathāsallāpo thattaṁ allsabbaṁ to the Blessed Onebhagavato he reportedārocesi.
and thatTañca clothbāhitikaṁ to the Blessed Onebhagavato he presentedpādāsi.

Soon after he left, Ānanda went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened. He presented the cloth to the Buddha.

thenAtha indeedkho the Blessed Onebhagavā the mendicantsbhikkhū addressedāmantesi:
a gain“lābhā, mendicantsbhikkhave, of the kingrañño Pasenadipasenadissa of Kosalakosalassa, a very good gainsuladdhalābhā, mendicantsbhikkhave, of the kingrañño Pasenadipasenadissa of Kosalakosalassa;
thatyaṁ Kingrājā Pasenadipasenadi of Kosalakosalo getslabhati Ānandaānandaṁ to seedassanāya, getslabhati to pay homagepayirupāsanāyā”ti.
this he saidIdamavoca the Blessed Onebhagavā.
satisfiedAttamanā thosete mendicantsbhikkhū of the Blessed Onebhagavato the speechbhāsitaṁ approvedabhinandunti.
The Bāhitika DiscourseBāhitikasuttaṁ finishedniṭṭhitaṁ the eighthaṭṭhamaṁ.

Then the Buddha said to the mendicants, “Mendicants, King Pasenadi is lucky, so very lucky, to get to see Ānanda and pay homage to him.” That is what the Buddha said. Satisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said.

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