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āpattiñca

āpatti

feminine nominative plural with conjunction ca

1. entering; going into
2. (vinaya) offence; wrongdoing; transgression
3. (logic) (undesirable) logical consequence

Built from

• ā — prefix · toward, up to
  Reverses the motion of √pad so that "going" becomes "entering into" or "falling into". Sanskrit ā; no common European cognate, though the spatial sense (movement toward the speaker or a goal) illuminates the abstract doctrinal use.
• pad — root · go, fall
  IE *ped- (foot, pace). Cognates: English pad, Latin pes. In āpatti, the sense is "falling into" a transgression rather than simple motion.
• ti — ending · feminine action noun
  Nominalizes the verb root into a feminine noun denoting the act or state: "entering", "falling into".
• ṃ — ending · accusative singular
  Marks the object in the accusative case, preparing the noun for the conjunction ca in the pairing.
• ca — ending · and, also
  Coordinating particle linking āpattiṃ with another element, used idiomatically to pair or emphasize related items.

Analysis. āpattiṃ + ca: nominative plural āpatti "offences" + ca "and", a common Pali pairing that emphasizes both items together

Etymology. ā- (toward, up to) + √pad (go, fall) + -ti (feminine action noun): literally "going toward", "entering into (a state or condition)". The prefix ā- reverses the motion sense, so the base √pad becomes "a falling into" or "entry into"; in Vinaya contexts, an āpatti is a transgression one "falls into" or is "caught in". Cognates: English pad, Latin pes (foot, related through IE *ped-), Sanskrit ā-patti. The concrete imagery of motion "toward" a state persists even in the abstract sense of being caught in an offence.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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