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anāgataṁ

anāgata

accusative singular neuter of anāgata (adjective)

1. not come, not arrived
2. future
3. that which has not come to pass

Built from

• an- — prefix · not, without
  Plain negation; the concrete sense is absence or privation.
• ā- — prefix · toward (the speaker)
  Reverses the direction of motion verbs; here embedded in the past participle āgata.
• gam — root · go, come
  Cognate with English 'come' and Sanskrit gacchati.
• -ta — ending · past participle
  Forms an adjective meaning 'having gone/come'; -aṁ is the accusative singular neuter ending.

Analysis. an- (not) + āgata (come, arrived), from ā- (toward) + √gam (go); literally 'not come toward'

Etymology. The prefix an- (without) negates āgata, the past participle of āgacchati (comes). The root √gam appears in English 'come' and Sanskrit gacchati; ā- reverses the direction of motion verbs, so āgacchati means 'comes toward (the speaker)'. Anāgata thus means 'not come toward', hence 'future' or 'not yet arrived'.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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