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aparaddho
aparaddha
masc nom sg of aparaddha (pp); aor 2nd sg of aparaddhi (verb)
- aparaddha (pp): failed; gone wrong; at fault; lit. not succeeded
- aparaddha (pp): guilty; lit. not succeeded
- aparaddhi (aor): wronged; did wrong (to); lit. did not succeed
- aparaddha (pp): collapsed; destroyed; lit. not succeeded
- aparaddha (pp): (of a path) lost; veered off; strayed (from); lit. not succeeded
- aparaddha (pp): dropped; collapsed; fallen off; lit. not succeeded
Built from
- apa — prefix · away, off
Directs motion or action away from a goal or proper course. Cognates: Greek apo-, Latin ab-, English off.
- rādh — root · succeed, accomplish
The root sense is 'to fit together, to arrange rightly'. When prefixed with apa, the concrete sense of moving away from accomplishment yields failure, guilt, or being at fault.
- a — ending · past participle
Masculine nominative singular ending marking the past participle, agreeing with the subject of the clause.
Analysis. apa + √rādh; apa 'away, off' + rādh 'succeed, accomplish', hence 'failed to accomplish, gone astray'.
Etymology. apa (away, off; cognates: Greek apo-, Latin ab-, English off) + √rādh (to succeed, accomplish; related to Sanskrit rādhyati 'is accomplished', from PIE *h₂erd- 'to fit, arrange'). The spatial sense of apa ('away from the mark') encodes failure and moral fault.