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nicchāresi

nicchāreti

pr 2nd sg of nicchāreti (verb); aor 3rd sg of nicchāresi (verb); aor 2nd sg of nicchāresi (verb)

1. nicchāreti (pr): speaks out; utters; emits; lets out; lit. causes to move out
2. nicchāresi (aor): spoke out; uttered; emitted; let out; said; lit. caused to move out

Built from

• ni — prefix · out of, down
  Prefix marking motion downward or outward; here applied to speech issuing forth from the speaker.
• char — root · move, walk
  √char (Sanskrit car-) means to move or proceed; the causative sense 'cause to move' shifts to 'emit' or 'utter'.
• e — stem · causative marker
  The causative infix -e- forms verbs meaning 'cause to X'; here 'cause to move out' = 'utter'.
• si — ending · 2nd sg. aorist
  Aorist ending marking second person singular past tense (alternatively, 3rd sg. aorist depending on context).

Analysis. ni- (down, into) + √char (move) with causative -e- and thematic -ti/-si; the prefix ni- gives the sense of emitting or uttering forth from within.

Etymology. √char (to move, walk) is cognate with Sanskrit car-, English char (to move by burning away), and Greek kheír (hand — originally the moving part). The prefix ni- (down, into) here sharpens the sense to emission or utterance. The causative -e- forms (nicchāreti, nicchāresi) mean literally 'causes to move out (from inside)', hence 'utters' or 'speaks out'.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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