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paṭippaṇāmetvā

absolutive (gerund-participle) of paṭippaṇāmeti

1. having dismissed; having sent away; (comm) having silenced; lit. cause to bend backwards

Built from

• paṭi — prefix · back, against
  Spatial prefix indicating reversal or opposition. Works like Greek πρότι and Latin contrā.
• paṇām — root · bend, bow
  Related to √nam. The image is physical bending or bowing; combined with paṭi-, it means to make bend backward, hence to repel or dismiss.
• e — stem · causative marker
  Causative suffix forming paṇāmeti 'causes to bend' from the root.
• tvā — ending · having done (absolutive)
  Absolutive ending marking completed action preceding the main verb, forming a gerund-participle.

Analysis. paṭi- (back, against) + paṇāmetvā (absolutive of paṇāmeti, to bend, cause to bow). Literally 'causing to bend back', hence to dismiss or send away; the sense of silencing arises from the image of making someone bow their head in submission or shame.

Etymology. paṭi- (back, against; cognate with Greek πρότι, Latin prōtī) + √nam (to bend, bow; cognate with Latin nāre in flectere, and English numb, German nehmen in the sense of taking hold). The prefix paṭi- reverses the action of the root: instead of bending forward, one bends back, creating the sense of reversal and dismissal.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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