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pakuppati

pr 3rd sg of pakuppati (verb)

1. is shaken; is disturbed; is agitated
2. is angry

Built from

• pa — prefix · forth, forward
  Intensifying prefix showing movement outward and ahead. Concrete imagery: stepping forth into manifestation.
• kup — root · shake, tremble
  Indicates vibration or disturbance. The root conveys internal or external trembling, related to English quake and quiver.
• pa — ending · 3rd sg present
  The thematic present ending -a + ti marks 3rd person singular indicative, showing the action occurs in the present moment.

Analysis. pa + √kup: forth-moving agitation, the prefix pa- intensifying the sense of disturbance bursting forth.

Etymology. √kup (to shake, tremble) with the prefix pa- (forward, forth, intensifying). The root kup appears in kuppa- (unstable, trembling) and suggests Indo-European *k(w)ep- (to shake, quake); cognate with English quiver, quake. The prefix pa- turns inward trembling into outward, manifest agitation.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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