‹ Back to the text

pharusāya

pharusa

fem instr sg of pharusa (adj); masc dat sg of pharusa (adj); fem dat sg of pharusa (adj); nt dat sg of pharusa (adj); …

1. (of speech) harsh; rough; rude; unkind
2. (of feeling) violent; severe; sharp

Built from

• pharus — root · break, scatter
  The root's concrete sense of rupture or fragmentation carries into 'rough' and 'harsh'. Sanskrit pharas- bears the same semantic range.
• a — ending · masculine stem-former, adjective base
  This suffix forms the stem pharusa- (rough, harsh), common in Pali adjectives.

Etymology. From the root √pharas- (to break, split, scatter), related to Sanskrit pharas-, Greek pherein (φέρειν, to carry, bear — originally to spread). The sense evolved from the concrete 'broken, jagged' to the abstract 'rough, harsh' in demeanor or speech. No clear cognates in English or Latin.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

Lite mode — plain HTML for e-readers and old browsers. Full version