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samāpanno
samāpanna
masc nom sg of samāpanna (pp)
- entered; reached; attained; achieved
- undertaken; engaged in
Built from
- sam/saṁ — prefix · together, completely
Things brought into one; works like Latin con-. Here contributes the sense of entering fully into a state or practice.
- ā — prefix · toward, up to
Reverses or directs motion toward the speaker/goal. Combines with √ap to mean 'reach toward, attain'.
- ap — root · reach, attain, obtain
Cognate with Latin apiscor. The root sense is physical reaching; here abstract attainment.
- a — ending · past participle stem
Participial stem marker; -nno is the masculine nominative singular ending completing the past participle.
- nno — ending · masculine nominative singular
Marks the form as masculine singular nominative case of the past participle, indicating a completed action or state.
Analysis. saṁ + ā + √ap, literally 'brought together toward'; in Buddhist usage, engaged in a practice, undertaken, or attained a state.
Etymology. Compound of saṁ- (together, completely) and ā- (toward) with root √ap (to reach, attain; cognate with Latin apiscor 'to reach, obtain'). The spatial sense 'brought together toward' becomes 'entered into' or 'attained'.