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samāraddho

samāraddha

masc nom sg of samāraddha (pp)

1. employed together; all engaged
2. engaged; confronted; lit. began
3. initiated; begun; undertaken
4. killed

Built from

• saṁ — prefix · together, with
  Brings things into one unified action; cognate with English 'same' and Latin 'con-'.
• ā — prefix · toward, up to
  Reverses or directs motion; here it channels the root toward completion or realization.
• radh — root · undertake, set in motion
  The root of 'radda' (began) and related causative forms; conveys the sense of initiating or being engaged in activity.
• -a — ending · masculine nominative singular
  Marks the masculine singular nominative form of the past participle stem.

Analysis. saṁ + ā + √radh. The prefix saṁ- (together, with) combines with ā- (toward, up to) and the root radh (to undertake, set in motion), giving the sense of 'set in motion together' or 'engaged collectively'.

Etymology. From saṁ + ā + √radh. The root radh means to begin, undertake, or be engaged; the prefix saṁ- emphasizes togetherness or collective action (like Latin con-), while ā- reverses or directs motion toward completion. The spatial sense of these prefixes — 'together' and 'toward' — compounds into the abstract meaning of unified or coordinated engagement.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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