taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutto

taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutta

masc nom sg of taṇhāsaṅkhayavimutta (adj)

freed by the exhaustion of craving; liberated through the dissolution of desire

Built from

taṇhā — root · craving, thirst
Thirst as the archetypal desire; the primary root of dukkha in the Four Noble Truths.
saṁ — prefix · together, completely
Marks the bringing together or completing of the action; here, the full wearing-away of craving.
khaya — root · destruction, exhaustion
The waning or dissolution of craving through practice; √kṣi (waste away) in Sanskrit.
vi — prefix · apart, asunder
Marks the separation or release from the usual state; vivid imagery of being set free.
mutta — stem · freed, released
Past participle: one who has been freed from craving by its exhaustion. Used adjectivally here to denote the liberated state.

Analysis. taṇhā-saṅkhaya-vimutta: craving (taṇhā) + exhaustion/dissolution (saṅkhaya, from saṁ + khaya) + freed/released (vimutta, from vi + mutta). A person liberated specifically through the waning of craving rather than through wisdom alone; a canonical term for one of the two chief kinds of arahant.

Etymology. Compound of taṇhā (Pali reflex of Sanskrit tṛṣṇā, thirst/craving; cognate with English thirst, German Durst, Sanskrit tṛṣ- to thirst), saṅkhaya (from saṁ together + khaya destruction, from √kṣi to waste away; Latin cadere to fall, English decay), and vimutta (from vi apart + mutta freed, past participle of √muc to release; related to English muck, Sanskrit muc- to let loose).

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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