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tiṇṇaṁ

tiṇṇa

masculine/neuter genitive plural past participle of tarati

1. crossed over
2. reached the other shore
3. transcended (suffering)

Built from

• ti — root · cross, traverse
  √tar appears in tarati 'crosses over'; the image is of crossing a river or reaching the far shore, central to Buddhist metaphor for liberation.
• ṇṇa — ending · past participle
  The doubled -ṇṇ- with -a is the past participle suffix; marks completed action (having crossed).

Analysis. tiṇṇa is the past participle of √tar (to cross); the form tiṇṇaṁ is genitive plural, often used in canonical compounds and formulas with spiritual meaning (crossing from saṁsāra to nibbāna).

Etymology. √tar 'to cross, pass through'; cognate with Latin terreo 'fear' (that which blocks passage), Greek terma 'boundary' — the underlying sense of crossing a threshold or boundary.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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