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upapannā

upapanna

masc nom pl of upapanna (pp); fem nom sg of upapanna (pp); fem nom pl of upapanna (pp); nt nom pl of upapanna (pp); …

1. arose; appeared (in or on); lit. went towards
2. reborn; re-arisen (in); lit. went towards
3. possessed (of); having; with a; lit. went towards
4. (gram) achieved; accomplished; lit. went towards

Built from

• upa — prefix · up close, approach
  Proximity and approach: the concrete sense of drawing near or onto something. Works like Latin sub- and English up (upcome, become).
• pad — root · fall, go, become
  Proto-Indo-European *ped- 'foot', lit. motion of the foot. Cognates: English foot, Latin pes, Greek pous. Here used for 'falling into' or 'coming into being' (as a rebirth).
• na — ending · past participle
  Past participle suffix -na marks the action as completed; agrees in gender/number with the subject (here masc. nominative plural or fem. nominative in various forms).

Analysis. upa + √pad: 'approached toward' (the state of rebirth), hence 'come into being, reborn in (a realm or condition)'. In the canon, often describes a being's rebirth: sotāpanna upapanno bhavati 'a stream-enterer comes into being (reborn)', or a person possessed of qualities.

Etymology. upa- (up close to, near, approach) + √pad (from √padyati 'falls, goes'; cognate with English 'foot', Latin pes). The root is proto-Indo-European *ped- 'foot', lit. 'where the foot goes'; upa + pad gives the sense of 'approaching into' or 'coming into (a state)', hence rebirth into a realm or condition.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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