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upasantoti

upasanta

past participle (nominative singular masculine) of upasantati; surface form upasantoti = upasanto + iti (it is calmed)

1. calmed; cooled; composed; still; calm; at peace; tranquil
2. name of Vessabhū Buddha's attendant; lit. calmed

Built from

• upa — prefix · near, up close to
  Spatial prefix meaning approach and proximity; as fire drawn near to water cools, so the mind settles by turning toward what pacifies it. Cognates: Greek hypo-, Latin sub-, English up.
• sam — prefix · together, completely
  Prefix denoting gathering into one state; here it intensifies the sense of settling into unified calm. Cognates: English same, Greek homo-, Latin con-.
• antati — stem · move, go
  Root √am (to go, move) with -ati suffix; in this context drawn inward to the sense of the motion ceasing and stilling.
• ta — ending · past participle
  Verbal adjective ending marking completed action; upasanta- is the stem formed from upasantati 'calms, becomes calm'.

Analysis. upasanto (past participle, nominative singular masculine of upasantati 'becomes calm') + iti (quotative particle 'thus, it is'). The form appears in the fixed phrase as a description or nominal utterance.

Etymology. upa- (up close to, near; approaching and settling) + sam- (together, completely; bringing into one) + anti (from √am 'to go, to move'), giving the sense 'drawing near and settling together': the concrete imagery of fire or agitation cooling as one approaches rest. Related to Sanskrit upashānta- and the root √śam (calm, pacify), cognate with English same and Latin similis.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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