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Majjhima Nikāya 141

Saccavibhaṅgasutta

The Analysis of the Truths · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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and whatKatamañcāvuso, sadnessdomanassaṁ?
that whichYaṁ indeedkho, friendāvuso, mentalcetasikaṁ paindukkhaṁ mentalcetasikaṁ displeasureasātaṁ born from mind contactmanosamphassajaṁ paindukkhaṁ unpleasantasātaṁ feltvedayitaṁ,
thisidaṁ is calledvuccatāvuso: sadness‘domanassaṁ’.

whichKatamo and, friend,cāvuso, distress?upāyāso?
thatYo indeed,kho, friend,āvuso, by variousaññataraññatarena misfortunebyasanena to one endowed withsamannāgatassa by variousaññataraññatarena by painful statesdukkhadhammena to one touched byphuṭṭhassa stressāyāso distressupāyāso state of stressāyāsitattaṁ state of distress,upāyāsitattaṁ,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: 'distress'.‘upāyāso’.

and which, friends,Katamañcāvuso, that which you wish foryampicchaṁ notna you getlabhati that tootampi suffering?dukkhaṁ?
of those liable to be reborn,Jātidhammānaṁ, friends,āvuso, of sentient beingssattānaṁ suchevaṁ a wishicchā arises:uppajjati:
oh‘aho if onlyvata wemayaṁ notna liable to be rebornjātidhammā may we be;assāma; notna andca if onlyvata to usno rebirthjāti would come.'āgaccheyyā’ti.
ButNa indeedkho thatpanetaṁ by wishingicchāya is to be obtained.pattabbaṁ.
This too:Idampi: that which you wish for‘yampicchaṁ notna you getlabhati that tootampi suffering'.dukkhaṁ’.
of those liable to grow old,Jarādhammānaṁ, friends,āvuso, of sentient beingssattānaṁ ……pe…
of those liable to fall ill,byādhidhammānaṁ, friends,āvuso, of sentient beingssattānaṁ ……
of those liable to die,maraṇadhammānaṁ, friends,āvuso, of sentient beingssattānaṁ ……
of those liable to experience sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distress,sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammānaṁ, friends,āvuso, of sentient beingssattānaṁ suchevaṁ a wishicchā arises:uppajjati:
oh‘aho if onlyvata wemayaṁ notna liable to experience sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distresssokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsadhammā may we be;assāma; notna andca if onlyvata to usno sorrow, lamentation, pain, sadness, and distresssokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā would come.'āgaccheyyun’ti.
ButNa indeedkho thatpanetaṁ by wishingicchāya is to be obtained.pattabbaṁ.
This too:Idampi: that which you wish for‘yampicchaṁ notna you getlabhati that tootampi suffering'.dukkhaṁ’.

whichKatame and, friendscāvuso, in briefsaṅkhittena the five grasping aggregatespañcupādānakkhandhā are suffering?dukkhā?
that is: the form grasping aggregate,Seyyathidaṁ—rūpupādānakkhandho, the feeling grasping aggregate,vedanupādānakkhandho, the perception grasping aggregate,saññupādānakkhandho, the choices grasping aggregate,saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, the consciousness grasping aggregate.viññāṇupādānakkhandho.
theseIme are called, friends:vuccantāvuso: ‘in brief‘saṅkhittena the five grasping aggregatespañcupādānakkhandhā are suffering’.dukkhā’.
thisIdaṁ is called, friends:vuccatāvuso: ‘suffering‘dukkhaṁ the noble truth’.ariyasaccaṁ’.

and what, friendsKatamañcāvuso, the origin of sufferingdukkhasamudayaṁ noble truthariyasaccaṁ?
that which isYāyaṁ cravingtaṇhā leading to future livesponobbhavikā mixed up with relishing and greednandīrāgasahagatā taking pleasure there wherever it alightstatratatrābhinandinī, that isseyyathidaṁ—
craving for sensual pleasureskāmataṇhā craving for continued existencebhavataṇhā craving for nonexistencevibhavataṇhā,
thisidaṁ is called, friendsvuccatāvuso: the origin of suffering‘dukkhasamudayaṁ noble truthariyasaccaṁ’.

and whatKatamañcāvuso, cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhaṁ noble truth?ariyasaccaṁ?
whichYo of that very sametassāyeva cravingtaṇhāya fading away and cessation without residueasesavirāganirodho giving upcāgo letting gopaṭinissaggo releasemutti non-clinginganālayo,
thisidaṁ is calledvuccatāvuso: cessation of suffering‘dukkhanirodhaṁ noble truthariyasaccaṁ’.

and what, friend,Katamañcāvuso, leading to the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhagāminī the practicepaṭipadā noble truth?ariyasaccaṁ?
just thisAyameva nobleariyo eightfoldaṭṭhaṅgiko path,maggo, that is—seyyathidaṁ—
right view,sammādiṭṭhi, right purpose,sammāsaṅkappo, right speech,sammāvācā, right action,sammākammanto, right livelihood,sammāājīvo, right effort,sammāvāyāmo, right mindfulness,sammāsati, right immersion.sammāsamādhi.

whatKatamā and, friendcāvuso, right viewsammādiṭṭhi?
whichYaṁ indeedkho, friendāvuso, in sufferingdukkhe knowledgeñāṇaṁ, in the origin of sufferingdukkhasamudaye knowledgeñāṇaṁ, in the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhe knowledgeñāṇaṁ, leading to the cessation of sufferingdukkhanirodhagāminiyā practicepaṭipadāya knowledgeñāṇaṁ,
thisayaṁ is called, friendvuccatāvuso: right view‘sammādiṭṭhi’.

whatKatamo and friendcāvuso, right purposesammāsaṅkappo?
purpose of renunciationNekkhammasaṅkappo, purpose of good willabyāpādasaṅkappo, purpose of harmlessnessavihiṁsāsaṅkappo,
thisayaṁ is called friendvuccatāvuso: right purpose‘sammāsaṅkappo’.

whichKatamā and, friend,cāvuso, right speech?sammāvācā?
from false speechMusāvādā refraining,veramaṇī, from maliciouspisuṇāya speechvācāya refraining,veramaṇī, from harshpharusāya speechvācāya refraining,veramaṇī, from frivolous chattersamphappalāpā refraining,veramaṇī,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: right speech.‘sammāvācā’.

whichKatamo and, friendcāvuso, right actionsammākammanto?
from killing living creaturesPāṇātipātā refrainingveramaṇī, from stealingadinnādānā refrainingveramaṇī, from sexual misconductkāmesumicchācārā refrainingveramaṇī,
thisayaṁ is called, friendvuccatāvuso: right action‘sammākammanto’.

whatKatamo and, friendcāvuso, right livelihood?sammāājīvo?
here, friend,Idhāvuso, a noble discipleariyasāvako wrong livelihoodmicchāājīvaṁ having given uppahāya by right livelihoodsammāājīvena a livingjīvikaṁ earnskappeti,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: right livelihood.‘sammāājīvo’.

whichKatamo and, friend,cāvuso, right effort?sammāvāyāmo?
here, friend,Idhāvuso, a mendicantbhikkhu unarisenanuppannānaṁ badpāpakānaṁ unskillfulakusalānaṁ qualitiesdhammānaṁ for non-arisinganuppādāya enthusiasmchandaṁ generatesjaneti triesvāyamati effortvīriyaṁ makes an effortārabhati the mindcittaṁ exertspaggaṇhāti strives,padahati,
arisenuppannānaṁ badpāpakānaṁ unskillfulakusalānaṁ qualitiesdhammānaṁ for abandoningpahānāya enthusiasmchandaṁ generatesjaneti triesvāyamati effortvīriyaṁ makes an effortārabhati the mindcittaṁ exertspaggaṇhāti strives,padahati,
unarisenanuppannānaṁ skillfulkusalānaṁ qualitiesdhammānaṁ for arisinguppādāya enthusiasmchandaṁ generatesjaneti triesvāyamati effortvīriyaṁ makes an effortārabhati the mindcittaṁ exertspaggaṇhāti strives,padahati,
arisenuppannānaṁ skillfulkusalānaṁ qualitiesdhammānaṁ for stabilityṭhitiyā for non-lossasammosāya for increasebhiyyobhāvāya for maturityvepullāya for developmentbhāvanāya for fulfillmentpāripūriyā enthusiasmchandaṁ generatesjaneti triesvāyamati effortvīriyaṁ makes an effortārabhati the mindcittaṁ exertspaggaṇhāti strives,padahati,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: ‘right effort’.‘sammāvāyāmo’.

whichKatamā and, friendcāvuso, right mindfulness?sammāsati?
here, friendIdhāvuso, a monkbhikkhu in the bodykāye one observing the bodykāyānupassī dwellsviharati keenātāpī awaresampajāno mindfulsatimā having removedvineyya in the worldloke covetousness and displeasure.abhijjhādomanassaṁ.
in feelingsVedanāsu one observing feelingsvedanānupassī dwellsviharati …pe……pe…
in the mindcitte one observing the mindcittānupassī dwellsviharati ……
in principlesdhammesu one observing principlesdhammānupassī dwellsviharati keenātāpī awaresampajāno mindfulsatimā having removedvineyya in the worldloke covetousness and displeasure,abhijjhādomanassaṁ,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: 'right mindfulness'.‘sammāsati’.

whichKatamo and, friend,cāvuso, right immersion?sammāsamādhi?
here, friend,Idhāvuso, a mendicantbhikkhu quite secludedvivicceva from sensual pleasureskāmehi secludedvivicca from unskillfulakusalehi qualitiesdhammehi with placing the mindsavitakkaṁ and keeping it connectedsavicāraṁ born of seclusionvivekajaṁ rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ firstpaṭhamaṁ absorptionjhānaṁ entersupasampajja and remains,viharati,
of placing the mind and keeping it connectedvitakkavicārānaṁ stilledvūpasamā internalajjhattaṁ claritysampasādanaṁ of mindcetaso at oneekodibhāvaṁ without placing the mindavitakkaṁ and keeping it connectedavicāraṁ born of immersionsamādhijaṁ rapture and blisspītisukhaṁ seconddutiyaṁ absorptionjhānaṁ entersupasampajja and remains,viharati,
of rapturepītiyā andca fading awayvirāgā equanimousupekkhako andca they remainviharati …pe……pe… thirdtatiyaṁ absorptionjhānaṁ …pe……pe…
fourthcatutthaṁ absorptionjhānaṁ entersupasampajja and remains,viharati,
thisayaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: 'right immersion'.‘sammāsamādhi’.
thisIdaṁ is called, friend:vuccatāvuso: 'the practice leading to the cessation of suffering‘dukkhanirodhagāminī practicepaṭipadā noble truth'.ariyasaccaṁ’.

by the Realized One, friend,Tathāgatenāvuso, by the perfected onearahatā by the fully awakened onesammāsambuddhena in Varanasibārāṇasiyaṁ at Isipatanaisipatane in the deer parkmigadāye supremeanuttaraṁ wheel of Dhammadhammacakkaṁ rolled forthpavattitaṁ not to be rolled backappaṭivattiyaṁ by an asceticsamaṇena orvā by a brahminbrāhmaṇena orvā by a goddevena orvā by Māramārena orvā by a divinitybrahmunā orvā by anyonekenaci orvā in the world,lokasmiṁ, that is—yadidaṁ—
of theseimesaṁ of the fourcatunnaṁ of the noble truthsariyasaccānaṁ teachingācikkhanā advocatingdesanā establishingpaññāpanā establishingpaṭṭhapanā clarifyingvivaraṇā analyzingvibhajanā revealinguttānīkamman”ti.
that is what venerable Sāriputta said.Idamavoca venerableāyasmā Sāriputta.sāriputto.
satisfiedAttamanā thete mendicantsbhikkhū of venerableāyasmato Sāriputtasāriputtassa speechbhāsitaṁ approved.abhinandunti.
The Analysis of the Truths discourseSaccavibhaṅgasuttaṁ is finishedniṭṭhitaṁ eleventhekādasamaṁ.

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