Measuring Up · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral
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Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye. Tatra kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi: “āvuso bhikkhavo”ti. “Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosuṁ. Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca:
So I have heard. At one time Venerable Mahāmoggallāna was staying in the land of the Bhaggas at Crocodile’s Bellow, in the deer park at Bhesakaḷā’s Wood. There Venerable Mahāmoggallāna addressed the mendicants: “Reverends, mendicants!” “Reverend,” they replied. Venerable Mahāmoggallāna said this:
“Pavāreti cepi, āvuso, bhikkhu: ‘vadantu maṁ āyasmanto, vacanīyomhi āyasmantehī’ti, so ca hoti dubbaco, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, akkhamo appadakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ, atha kho naṁ sabrahmacārī na ceva vattabbaṁ maññanti, na ca anusāsitabbaṁ maññanti, na ca tasmiṁ puggale vissāsaṁ āpajjitabbaṁ maññanti.
“Suppose a mendicant invites other mendicants to admonish them. But they’re hard to admonish, having qualities that make them hard to admonish. They’re impatient, and don’t take instruction respectfully. So their spiritual companions don’t think it’s worth advising and instructing them, and that individual doesn’t gain their trust.
Katame cāvuso, dovacassakaraṇā dhammā? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu pāpiccho hoti, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gato. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu pāpiccho hoti, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gato— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu attukkaṁsako hoti paravambhī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu attukkaṁsako hoti paravambhī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhābhibhūto. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhābhibhūto— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhahetu upanāhī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhahetu upanāhī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhahetu abhisaṅgī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhahetu abhisaṅgī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhasāmantā vācaṁ nicchāretā.
And what are the qualities that make them hard to admonish? Firstly, a mendicant has corrupt wishes, having fallen under the sway of corrupt wishes. This is a quality that makes them difficult to admonish. Furthermore, a mendicant glorifies themselves and puts others down. … They’re irritable, overcome by anger … They’re irritable, and acrimonious due to anger … They’re irritable, and stubborn due to anger … They’re irritable, and blurt out words bordering on anger …
Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu kodhano hoti kodhasāmantā vācaṁ nicchāretā— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakaṁ paṭippharati. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakaṁ paṭippharati— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakaṁ apasādeti. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakaṁ apasādeti— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakassa paccāropeti. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena codakassa paccāropeti— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena aññenaññaṁ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṁ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena aññenaññaṁ paṭicarati, bahiddhā kathaṁ apanāmeti, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātukaroti— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo.
When accused, they object to the accuser … When accused, they rebuke the accuser … When accused, they retort to the accuser … When accused, they dodge the issue, distract the discussion with irrelevant points, and display annoyance, hate, and bitterness …
Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena apadāne na sampāyati. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu codito codakena apadāne na sampāyati— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu makkhī hoti paḷāsī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu issukī hoti maccharī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu issukī hoti maccharī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu saṭho hoti māyāvī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu saṭho hoti māyāvī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu thaddho hoti atimānī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu thaddho hoti atimānī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu sandiṭṭhiparāmāsī hoti ādhānaggāhī duppaṭinissaggī— ayampi dhammo dovacassakaraṇo. Ime vuccantāvuso, dovacassakaraṇā dhammā.
When accused, they are unable to account for the evidence … They are offensive and contemptuous … They’re jealous and stingy … They’re devious and deceitful … They’re obstinate and arrogant … Furthermore, a mendicant is attached to their own views, holding them tight, and refusing to let go. This too is a quality that makes them difficult to admonish. These are the qualities that make them hard to admonish.
No cepi, āvuso, bhikkhu pavāreti: ‘vadantu maṁ āyasmanto, vacanīyomhi āyasmantehī’ti, so ca hoti suvaco, sovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgato, khamo padakkhiṇaggāhī anusāsaniṁ, atha kho naṁ sabrahmacārī vattabbañceva maññanti, anusāsitabbañca maññanti, tasmiñca puggale vissāsaṁ āpajjitabbaṁ maññanti.
Suppose a mendicant doesn’t invite other mendicants to admonish them. But they’re easy to admonish, having qualities that make them easy to admonish. They’re accepting, and take instruction respectfully. So their spiritual companions think it’s worth advising and instructing them, and that individual gains their trust.
Katame cāvuso, sovacassakaraṇā dhammā? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu na pāpiccho hoti, na pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gato. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu na pāpiccho hoti na pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gato— ayampi dhammo sovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu anattukkaṁsako hoti aparavambhī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu anattukkaṁsako hoti aparavambhī— ayampi dhammo sovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhābhibhūto. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhābhibhūto— ayampi dhammo sovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhahetu upanāhī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhahetu upanāhī— ayampi dhammo sovacassakaraṇo. Puna caparaṁ, āvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhahetu abhisaṅgī. Yaṁpāvuso, bhikkhu na kodhano hoti na kodhahetu abhisaṅgī—
And what are the qualities that make them easy to admonish? Firstly, a mendicant doesn’t have corrupt wishes …
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