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Majjhima Nikāya 41

Sāleyyakasutta

The People of Sālā · Translation: Bhikkhu Sujato, SuttaCentral

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harsh·speechPharusavāco indeedkho furthermorepana ishoti. whateverYā thatsā speechvācā cruelaṇḍakā nastykakkasā other·hurtfulparakaṭukā offensiveparābhisajjanī anger·borderingkodhasāmantā not·immersion·leading toasamādhisaṁvattanikā, such·kindtathārūpiṁ speechvācaṁ one who speaksbhāsitā ishoti.
one who talks nonsenseSamphappalāpī indeedkho furthermorepana ishoti. not·time·speakerAkālavādī not·factual·speakerabhūtavādī not·beneficial·speakeranatthavādī not·teaching·speakeradhammavādī not·training·speakeravinayavādī. not·value·havingAnidhānavatiṁ speechvācaṁ one who speaksbhāsitā ishoti not·timeakālena not·reasonanapadesaṁ not·limit·havingapariyantavatiṁ not·point·connected withanatthasaṁhitaṁ.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, four·foldcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya not·principle·conduct·immoral·conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti.

how + andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by mindmanasā unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco covetousabhijjhālu ishoti, whichyaṁ thattaṁ of anotherparassa other·wealth·belongingparavittūpakaraṇaṁ thattaṁ covetsabhijjhātā ishoti: oh‘aho indeedvata whatyaṁ belongs to anotherparassa thattaṁ mine weremamassā’ti.
malevolent·mindByāpannacitto indeedkho andpana ishoti of corrupt mental intentionpaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo: these‘ime sentient beingssattā may be killedhaññantu orvā may be slaughteredvajjhantu orvā may be slainucchijjantu orvā may be destroyedvinassantu orvā notmā orvā may beahesun’ti.
wrong·viewMicchādiṭṭhiko indeedkho andpana ishoti with distorted perspectiveviparītadassano:
there is not‘natthi givingdinnaṁ not·isnatthi sacrificeyiṭṭhaṁ not·isnatthi offeringhutaṁ, not·isnatthi good deed·bad deedsukatadukkaṭānaṁ of deedskammānaṁ fruitphalaṁ resultvipāko, not·isnatthi thisayaṁ worldloko not·isnatthi otherparo worldloko, not·isnatthi mothermātā not·isnatthi fatherpitā, not·isnatthi beingssattā spontaneously rebornopapātikā, not·isnatthi in the worldloke ascetic·brahminsamaṇabrāhmaṇā rightly comportedsammaggatā rightly·practicedsammāpaṭipannā whoye this + andimañca worldlokaṁ other + andparañca worldlokaṁ themselvessayaṁ higher·knowledgeabhiññā directly·donesacchikatvā proclaimpavedentī’ti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by mindmanasā unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyā ishoti.

thusEvaṁ because of unprincipled and immoral conductadhammacariyāvisamacariyāhetu indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, thus here someevam’idhekacce sentient beingssattā of the bodykāyassa from breaking upbhedā afterparaṁ from deathmaraṇā to a place of lossapāyaṁ to a bad placeduggatiṁ to the underworldvinipātaṁ to hellnirayaṁ are rebornupapajjanti.

threefoldTividhaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, by way of bodykāyena principled·conduct·moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti, four·kindcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya principled·conduct·moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti, three·kindtividhaṁ by way of mindmanasā principled·conduct·moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti.

how + andKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, three·foldtividhaṁ by way of bodykāyena principle·conduct + moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco killing living creaturespāṇātipātaṁ having given uppahāya from killing living creaturespāṇātipātā against·refrainingpaṭivirato ishoti, renounced·rodnihitadaṇḍo renounced·swordnihitasattho scrupulouslajjī kindness + endowed withdayāpanno full of sympathy for all living beingssabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī livesviharati.
stealingAdinnādānaṁ having given uppahāya from stealingadinnādānā against·refrainingpaṭivirato ishoti. whichYaṁ thattaṁ of anotherparassa wealth or belongings of othersparavittūpakaraṇaṁ, village + gonegāmagataṁ orvā wilderness + gonearaññagataṁ orvā, thattaṁ not givennādinnaṁ theft + reckonedtheyyasaṅkhātaṁ takerādātā ishoti.
sensual + wrong + conductKāmesumicchācāraṁ having given uppahāya sensual + wrong + conductkāmesumicchācārā against·refrainingpaṭivirato ishoti. those women whoYā thosetā mother + protectedmāturakkhitā father + protectedpiturakkhitā mother + father + protectedmātāpiturakkhitā brother + protectedbhāturakkhitā sister + protectedbhaginirakkhitā relative + protectedñātirakkhitā clan + protectedgottarakkhitā principle + protecteddhammarakkhitā having a husbandsassāmikā with + legal penaltysaparidaṇḍā evenantamaso garlanded as a token of betrothalmālāguḷaparikkhittāpi, such + kindtathārūpāsu notna sexual relationscārittaṁ undertakerāpajjitā ishoti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, three·foldtividhaṁ by way of bodykāyena principle·conduct + moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti.

and howKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, fourfoldcatubbidhaṁ by speechvācāya principled and moral conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco lyingmusāvādaṁ having given uppahāya from lyingmusāvādā restrainedpaṭivirato ishoti. to a councilSabhāgato orvā to an assemblyparisāgato orvā, to a family meetingñātimajjhagato orvā to a guildpūgamajjhagato orvā to the royal courtrājakulamajjhagato orvā, summonedabhinīto asked as a witnesssakkhipuṭṭho: please, my friend‘ehambho manpurisa, whatyaṁ you knowjānāsi thattaṁ sayvadehī’ti, heso not knowingajānaṁ orvā saysāha: not‘na I knowjānāmī’ti, knowingjānaṁ orvā saysāha: I know‘jānāmī’ti, not seeingapassaṁ orvā saysāha: not‘na I seepassāmī’ti, seeingpassaṁ orvā saysāha: I see‘passāmī’ti. soIti for one's own sakeattahetu orvā for another's sakeparahetu orvā for some trivial worldly reasonāmisakiñcikkhahetu orvā notna deliberately lyingsampajānamusā speakerbhāsitā ishoti.
backbitingPisuṇaṁ speechvācaṁ having given uppahāya from backbitingpisuṇāya speechvācāya restrainedpaṭivirato ishoti, from hereito having heardsutvā notna thereamutra a repeaterakkhātā of theseimesaṁ for dividingbhedāya, thereamutra orvā having heardsutvā notna of theseimesaṁ a repeaterakkhātā of thoseamūsaṁ for dividingbhedāya. soIti of the dividedbhinnānaṁ orvā a reconcilersandhātā, of the unitedsahitānaṁ orvā a supporteranuppadātā, delighting in harmonysamaggārāmo loving harmonysamaggarato enjoying harmonysamagganandī promoting harmonysamaggakaraṇiṁ speechvācaṁ speakerbhāsitā ishoti.

harshPharusaṁ speechvācaṁ forth·leavepahāya harshpharusāya speechvācāya against·restrainpaṭivirato ishoti. whicheverYā thatsā speechvācā mellownelā ear·pleasantkaṇṇasukhā endearingpemanīyā heart·gohadayaṅgamā politeporī people·likablebahujanakantā people·agreeable + of such kindbahujanamanāpā—tathārūpiṁ speechvācaṁ speaksbhāsitā ishoti.
talking nonsenseSamphappalāpaṁ forth·leavepahāya nonsense·talksamphappalāpā against·restrainpaṭivirato ishoti. time·speakerKālavādī true·speakerbhūtavādī meaning·speakeratthavādī dhamma·speakerdhammavādī training·speakervinayavādī valuablenidhānavatiṁ speechvācaṁ speaksbhāsitā ishoti at the right timekālena with good reasonsāpadesaṁ succinctpariyantavatiṁ benefit·connectedatthasaṁhitaṁ.
thusEvaṁ indeed,kho, householders,gahapatayo, four·kindcatubbidhaṁ by way of speechvācāya dhamma·conduct·moral·conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti.

and howKathañca, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by mindmanasā principled conduct + moral conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti?
hereIdha, householdersgahapatayo, someoneekacco not·covetousanabhijjhālu ishoti, whichyaṁ thattaṁ of anotherparassa the wealth and belongings of othersparavittūpakaraṇaṁ thattaṁ not·covetousnābhijjhātā ishoti: oh‘aho if onlyvata whichyaṁ of anotherparassa thattaṁ were minemamassā’ti.
kind·heartAbyāpannacitto indeedkho thenpana ishoti loving intentionsappaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo: these‘ime sentient beingssattā free of enmityaverā free of ill willabyābajjhā untroubledanīghā happysukhī themselvesattānaṁ may they livepariharantū’ti.
right·viewSammādiṭṭhiko indeedkho thenpana ishoti with undistorted perspectiveaviparītadassano:
there is‘atthi givingdinnaṁ there isatthi sacrificeyiṭṭhaṁ there isatthi offeringhutaṁ, there areatthi good deeds·bad deedssukatadukkaṭānaṁ of deedskammānaṁ fruitphalaṁ resultvipāko, there isatthi thisayaṁ worldloko there isatthi otherparo worldloko, there isatthi mothermātā there isatthi fatherpitā, there areatthi beingssattā reborn spontaneouslyopapātikā, there areatthi in the worldloke ascetic·brahminsamaṇabrāhmaṇā rightly comportedsammaggatā rightly·practicedsammāpaṭipannā whoye thisimañca worldlokaṁ and the otherparañca worldlokaṁ with their own insightsayaṁ direct knowledgeabhiññā having realizedsacchikatvā describepavedentī’ti.
thusEvaṁ indeedkho, householdersgahapatayo, threefoldtividhaṁ by mindmanasā principled and moral conductdhammacariyāsamacariyā ishoti.

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