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appaṭivinītā

appaṭivinīta

masc nom pl of appaṭivinīta (pp); fem nom sg of appaṭivinīta (pp); fem nom pl of appaṭivinīta (pp); nt nom pl of appaṭivinīta (pp); …

1. not removed; not dispelled; lit. not led back away

Built from

• a — prefix · not, without
  Plain negation. Cognates: English un-, Greek a(n)- (atheist).
• paṭi — prefix · back, against, counter to
  Reverses or counters the action of the following verb. Cognates: Greek προς (pros) 'toward, against'.
• vi — prefix · apart, asunder
  Indicates separation or leading away. Cognates: Latin dis- (divide); related to dvi 'two'.
• nī — root · lead, carry
  Sanskrit nayati, Greek νέω (néō), Latin nāvis (ship). The concrete image is conducting or steering something to a destination.
• ta — ending · past participle
  Marks the verbal adjective, expressing the completed action or state; here inflected for various genders and numbers in the nominative case.

Analysis. a- (not) + paṭi- (back, against) + vinīta (led away, removed; pp of vineti < vi- + neti). Literally 'not led back away'; the prefix paṭi- reverses the action of vi-neti (to lead apart/away), so paṭivinīta means 'led back' or 'restored'; the negation a- negates this, yielding 'not restored, not removed'.

Etymology. The root √nī (to lead, carry) is ancient: Sanskrit nayati, Greek νέω (néō 'to swim, flow'), Latin nāvis (ship — vessel led through water). The prefix vi- (apart, asunder) combines with √nī to mean 'lead away, remove'; paṭi- (back, against) prefixed to that reverses the motion; a- (not) negates the whole. The compound imagery runs: to lead away (vi-nīta) is reversed by leading back (paṭi-vinīta), and the negation denies that reversal — so the removal persists, or metaphorically, a defilement is not dispelled.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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