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kāyaduṭṭhullānaṁ

kāyaduṭṭhulla

masculine genitive plural of kāyaduṭṭhulla (compound adjective)

1. roughness of body
2. coarseness of bodily conduct
3. bodily misconduct

Built from

• kāya — root · body
  The physical frame; from a root meaning 'swell' or 'grow'.
• du — prefix · bad, hard
  Prefix meaning 'bad' or 'gone wrong'; cognate with Greek dys- (dystopia, dysfunction).
• ṭṭh — stem · coarse, rough
  Derived stem from a root sense of 'hardness' or 'badness'; -ulla is an adjective-forming suffix.
• ānaṁ — ending · genitive plural
  Masculine genitive plural ending, showing possession or attribution in dependence on a main noun (here, likely a preceding head noun in the accusative or nominative).

Analysis. kāya (body) + duṭṭhulla (roughness, coarseness; from duṭṭha 'bad' + the adjective suffix -ulla). The compound denotes crude or unskillful physical action, contrasted with refined mental and verbal conduct in the threefold analysis of deed, word, and thought.

Etymology. kāya from PIE *keu- 'to swell' (Sanskrit kāya, body; cognate with English 'cow' via sense of 'swelling'); duṭṭha from Sanskrit duṣṭa 'corrupted, bad' (du- prefix 'bad' + -ṣṭa past participle), related to Greek dys- (dysfunction).

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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