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kaṭṭhena

kaṭṭha

nt instr sg of kaṭṭha (noun); masc instr sg of kaṭṭha (pp); nt instr sg of kaṭṭha (pp)

1. stick; plank; log; wood; timber
2. ploughed; tilled; farmed; cultivated; lit. dragged

Built from

• kaṭ — root · drag, pull
  The root underlying both 'stick' (as dragged/worked material) and 'ploughed' (as dragging a plough). Cognate with Sanskrit √kṛṣ (karṣati 'ploughs'), showing the shared sense of pulling or dragging through soil.
• ṭh — ending · past participle marker
  Geminate -ṭṭh- forms past participles; here kaṭ + ṭh = kaṭṭha 'dragged, ploughed, tilled'.
• ena — ending · instrumental singular
  Instrumental case ending marking the means or instrument ('by/with wood', 'by/with a ploughed field').

Etymology. From √kaṭ (to drag, pull). The noun sense 'stick, wood' derives from wood as something dragged or worked; the past participle sense 'ploughed, tilled' comes directly from the root's meaning of dragging a plough through earth. Cognate with Sanskrit karṣati 'ploughs' (from √kṛṣ, the Sanskrit reflex of the same root).

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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