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pariyantavatiṁ

pariyantavati

3rd person singular present indicative of pariyantavati

1. to be confined within limits
2. to be bounded

Built from

• pari — prefix · around, completely
  Spatial prefix meaning all the way round; here imports the sense of complete circumscription or boundary.
• yant — stem · restrain, restrict
  From √yam 'to hold, curb, regulate'. The concrete image is of something held fast or confined.
• va — stem · voice/turn
  Participial or passive-voice infix creating an indeclinable or quasi-verbal adjective.
• ti — ending · 3rd sg. present
  Third person singular present indicative active ending, marking present tense and completed aspect.

Analysis. pari- (around, completely) + yanta- (restriction, constraint, from √yam 'to hold, restrain') + -vati (present stem suffix); the spatial sense 'all the way around' crystallizes as 'hemmed in by boundaries'

Etymology. √yam 'to hold, restrain, curb' (Sanskrit yamati); pari- 'around' gives the sense of complete circumscription. Cognates: English 'tame' (from *temə- 'to hold'), Latin tempero 'to regulate'. The prefix pari- shifts the restraint from simple holding into complete enclosure.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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