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samatikkamma

gerund (ger.)

1. surpassing; overcoming; going beyond; transcending

Built from

• sam — prefix · together, completely
  Brings multiple elements into unified action; the concrete sense of things gathered into one extends to intensive or completive meanings.
• ati — prefix · beyond, past the mark
  Expresses going past a limit or threshold; the spatial sense of exceeding becomes the abstract idea of transcending.
• kamma — root · go, proceed
  From PIE *gʰem- (English 'come', Latin venire). The root sense of motion underlies the compound's meaning of moving beyond.
• mma — ending · gerund suffix
  Forms an abstract noun indicating the action itself; here, the action of surpassing or transcending.

Analysis. saṁ + atikkamma; sam- ('together, completely') + ati- ('beyond, past the mark') + √kam ('go') + -mma (gerundive suffix). The compound expresses going beyond completely or utterly surpassing, often in doctrinal contexts of transcending conditioned states.

Etymology. Built from sam- (collective prefix; cognate with English 'same', Greek homo-, Latin similis) + ati- (beyond; cognate with Greek eti 'still, besides', Latin et) + √kam (go; from PIE *gʰem-, related to English 'come', Sanskrit gacchati). The spatial senses of the prefixes—sam- bringing things together into one, ati- pushing past a threshold—combine to form the abstract idea of complete transcendence.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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