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upapannāti

upapanna

past participle of upapadyati

1. arose; appeared (in or on); lit. went towards
2. reborn; re-arisen (in); lit. went towards
3. possessed (of); having; with a; lit. went towards
4. (gram) achieved; accomplished; lit. went towards

Built from

• upa — prefix · near, up close to
  Spatial prefix meaning approach or proximity; cognate with Greek hypo-, Latin sub-, English up. Concrete sense of nearness leads to the meaning of attainment or arrival.
• pad — root · fall, go, come
  Indo-European *ped- (foot, go). Cognates: Latin pedes, Greek pous, English foot. Sense of movement or descent into a state.
• na — ending · past participle
  Past participle suffix -na forms the perfect passive participle, marking a completed action. Here it creates an adjective meaning 'having come/fallen to'.

Analysis. upa + panna (past participle of padyati 'falls, comes'). The prefix upa- (up close to, near) combined with √pad (go, fall) gives the sense of 'coming to, arriving at' a state or destination, hence rebirth or possession of a quality.

Etymology. upa + √pad. The root √pad is cognate with Latin pedes (foot), Greek pous, English foot, all from Indo-European *ped-. The prefix upa- means 'near, up close to' (Greek hypo-, Latin sub-, English up), so the compound's literal sense is 'coming near to, approaching', which in doctrinal contexts means rebirth into a particular state or possession of a quality.

Meanings from the Digital Pāḷi Dictionary; morphology and etymology by Claude.

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